GLASS-SAND    INDUSTRY    OF    INDIANA,  KENTUCKY,  AND    OHIO.       367 
OHIO. 
Sandstones  of  Silurian  and  Carboniferous  age  are  at  present  being 
exploited  for  glass  sand  in  Ohio. 
Silurian. — Interbedded  with  the  " Lower  Helderberg"  (" Water- 
lime")  limestones  are  a  few  beds  of  extremely  pure  silica  sandstone 
that  have  long  been  known  to  outcrop  in  northwest  Ohio,  in  Lucas  and 
Wood  counties,  and  in  Monroe  County,  Mich.  These  beds  have 
been  grouped  together  as  the  Monroe  formation  by  the  Michigan  Geo- 
logical Survey.0 
The  quarries  at  Sylvania  and  Holland,  Ohio,  are  in  this  sandstone. 
Silurian  limestones  occupy  fully  one-third  of  the  area  of  the  State  and 
contain  lenses  of  sandstone  at  some  places,  as  in  Champaign  and  Logan 
counties. 
Carboniferous. — Sandstones  covering  a  wider  range  in  geological 
position  than  those  available  in  the  Silurian  occur  in  the  Carboniferous 
system  in  Ohio.  The  lowest  beds  utilized  are  formations  of  the 
Waverly  group  of  the  Mississippian  series,  locally  termed  the  Black 
Hand  formation,  which  is  worked  at  Black  Hand  on  Muskingum 
River,  below  Newark.  Other  localities  in  which  Mississippian  sand- 
stones are  worked  are  at  Rockbridge,  Hocking  County,  and  at  Akron. 
Rocks  of  early  Pennsylvania]!  age,  belonging  to  the  "  Conglomer- 
ate" group,  or  Pottsville  formation,  are  widespread  and  are  worked 
for  glass  sand  at  Chalfants  and  Niles.  Sandstone  still  higher  in  the 
system,  or  in  the  "  Lower  Coal  Measures,"  is  another  source  of  glass 
sand.  Such  is  the  Massillon  sandstone,  quarried  at  the  city  of  that 
name.  Topographic  maps  of  the  Akron,  Massillon,  and  Toledo  quad- 
rangles are  issued  by  the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  and  the 
Ohio  Geological  Survey  has  issued  a  number  of  geologic  maps  showing, 
in  a  general  way,  the  distribution  of  the  rock  formations  in  this  State. 
Among  the  most  useful  of  these  are  the  atlases  accompanying  Vol- 
umes V,  VI,  and  VII.  as  well  as  a  small-scale  map  in  Volume  VIII  and 
the  large  atlas  sheets  issued  in  1879. 
DETAILED   DESCRIPTIONS   OF   SAND   PROPERTIES. 
INDIANA. 
Coxville. — The  works  of  the  Acme  Glass  Sand  Company  are  located 
at  Coxville,  about  2  miles  northwest  of  Rosedale,  a  station  on  the 
Vandalia  line,  16  miles  northeast  of  Terre  Haute.  The  sandstone 
quarried  here  is  a  deposit  filling  an  erosion  channel  in  the  "  Produc- 
tive Coal  Measures."  The  sandstone  is  exposed  to  a  height  of  about 
40  feet  above  the  flood  plain  of  Raccoon  Creek.  The  base  of  the 
deposit  is  not  exposed  in  the  quarry,  but  overlies  shale  and  coal  "No. 
VI"  at  the  margins  of  the  channel,  which  are  some  600  feet  apart. 
a  Lane,  A.  C,  Rept.  State  Board  of  Geol.  Survey  for  1891-92,  Lansing,  Mich.,  1893,  p.  66. 
