FELDSPAK    AND    QUARTZ    DEPOSITS    OF    MAINE.  389 
Under  present  conditions  in  Maine  it  is  usually  essential  to  com- 
nercial  success  that  the  feldspar  deposits  be  located  not  farther  than 
I  or  at  most  3  miles  from  the  railroad,  so  that  the  cost  of  haulage  from 
}he  mines  to  the  cars  will  not  exceed  75  cents  or  $1  per  ton,  the  average 
)rice  for  most  of  the  crude  spar  in  Maine  being  about  S3  f.  o.  b.  at 
lie  mines.  The  feldspar  mills  are  situated  on  the  railroads  as  close 
is  possible  to  the  mines.  Nearly  all  the  ground  and  crude  spar  is 
shipped  to  Trenton,  N.  J.,  and  East  Liverpool,  Ohio,  where  many  of 
;he  largest  potteries  of  the  country  are  located.  The  average  price 
)f  the  ground  spar  f.  o.  b.  mills  is  about  $9  per  short  ton. 
METHODS   OF  MINING. 
The  feldspar  and  quartz  of  Maine  are  all  mined  from  open  pits. 
Jnlike  the  deposits  of  Maryland  and  southern  Pennsylvania,  there  is 
ittle  or  no  associated  kaolin  formed  by  the  decomposition  of  the  feld- 
spar. This  is  due  to  the  fact  that  the  Pennsylvania-Maryland  region 
s  unglaciated,  whereas  in  Maine  the  ice  planed  off  nearly  all  the 
products  of  rock  decay.  It  is  necessary,  therefore,  to  sink  drill  holes 
md  blast  out  most  of  the  material  with  powder  or  dynamite.  It  is 
lien  broken  up  with  sledges  to  lumps  under  6  or  8  inches  in  size,  and 
it  the  same  time  the  quartzose  and  iron-bearing  portions  are  sorted 
rom  the  feldspar.     The  rock  is  hauled  by  teams  to  the  mills. 
DESCRIPTION   OF   PRINCIPAL  LOCALITIES. 
GEORGETOWN,  SAGADAHOC    COUNTY. 
The  Georgetown  quarry  is  about  1^  miles  northeast  of  Bay  Point 
sanding,  near  the  mouth  of  Kennebec  River,  and  is  readily  reached  by 
earn  from  Five  Islands,  4J  miles  to  the  northeast,  on  Penobscot  River, 
^t  is  operated  by  the  Golding  Sons'  Company,  of  Trenton,  N.  J.  The 
par  is  hauled  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile  by  teams,  then  loaded  onto 
scows  and  carried  up  Kennebec  River  10  miles  to  Bath,  where  it  is 
oaded  onto  cars  for  shipment  to  Trenton,  N.  J.,  and  East  Liverpool, 
3hio.  In  the  past  some  shipments  have  been  made  by  sea.  The 
:marry  covers  an  area  of  about  3  acres  and  at  its  south  end  has  a  maxi- 
mum depth  of  approximately  50  feet,  though  most  of  the  quarry  is 
xmch  shallower.  •  The  pegmatite  is  inclosed  by  metamorphic  sedi- 
nentary  schists  trending  somewhat  east  of  north.  These  are  highly 
nclined  and  are  somewhat  injected  by  granitic  materials,  so  that 
ocally  they  become  gneisses.  The  pegmatite  mass  is  plainly  intrusive 
n  these  shists,  and  its  greatest  length  is  parallel  to  their  trend;  it 
:hus  forms  in  reality  a  short  dike.  The  present  quarry  openings  cover 
ilmost  the  whole  area  of  outcrop  of  this  mass,  and  future  work  must 
onsist  largely  in  deepening  the  present  pit.  There  seems  every  rea- 
son to  expect  that  the  rock  will  continue  of  good  quality  and  of  about 
