290  CONTRIBUTIONS    TO    ECONOMIC    GEOLOGY,   1903.  [bull. 225. 
able  that  the  rhyolites  on  the  south  side  represent  a  higher  horizon  in 
the  Tertiary  than  the  beds  on  the  north. 
Description  of  the  coal.— The  coal  in  this  district  is  said  to  have 
bom  discovered  by  William  Grozenger,  of  Candelaria,  in  1893,  and 
the  outcrops  of  the  seams  are  now  continuously  located.  The  chief 
seams  are  four  in  number.  Some  of  them  extend  for  a  distance  of 
3,000  to  4,000  feet  in  outcrop  in  a  northwest-southeast  direction.  Mr. 
Grozenger,  who  is  very  familiar  with  the  district,  has  classified  the 
seams,  counting  from  the  top,  as  the  first,  second,  third,  and  fourth. 
The  perpendicular  distance  between  the  first  and  the  second  seam  is 
estimated  by  him  to  be  150  feet;  between  the  second  and  third,  70 
feet,  and  between  the  third  and  fourth,  130  feet.  The  uppermost 
seam,  No.  1,  seems  to  be  relatively  poor  and  small,  and,  as  exposed  in 
outcrop,  of  little  value.  No.  2  seam  is  in  coal  shale  and  is  several  feet 
thick.  Openings  on  this  seam  show  the  coal  to  be  thin  bedded  and  to 
occur  in  connection  with  beds  of  rhyolitic  tuff.  There  is  a  good  deal 
of  slate  parting  or  bone  present.  No.  3  is  also  in  coal  shale  and  is 
of  better  quality  and  thicker  than  No.  2.  No.  4  lies  close  to  the 
fault,  is  in  sandstone,  and  shows  6  to  8  feet  of  coal  of  much  better 
quality  than  the  upper  seams.  Some  of  this  coal  has  a  brilliant 
luster,  while  the  coal  of  the  other  seams  is  of  a  dull  color.  It  has 
been  opened  up  in  only  one  place,  where  it  is  overturned  and  dips 
against  the  fault.  Here  the  lower  2i  feet  is  cleaner  coal  than  the  rest. 
It  is  used  as  a  forge  coal  by  Mr.  Grozenger  and  affords  a  coke. 
Analysis  by  Mr.  George  Steiger,  of  the  United  States  Geological  Sur- 
vey, of  a  general  sample  taken  from  a  picked  block  8  inches  thick,  is 
as  follows: 
Analysis  of  coal  from  Esmeralda  County,  Nev. 
Per  cent. 
Moisture 0. 94 
Volatile  matter 37.  35 
Fixed  carbon 42.  63 
Ash 19.  08 
Total 100.  00 
Coke  good. 
This  analysis  was  made  after  the  sample  had  been  lying  exposed  to  the 
air  about  six  months.  The  amount  of  moisture  given  is  therefore  prob- 
ably less  than  when  the  coal  was  taken  from  the  mine.  The  important 
fact  that  the  coal  does  not  slack  on  exposure  was,  however,  determined 
by  this  experiment.  The  analysis  shows  a  light,  bituminous  coal,  some- 
what poorer  than  the  Colorado  bituminous  coal,  and,  except  for  the 
larger  amount  of  ash,  comparable  with  some  of  the  high-class  Pennsyl- 
vania coals.     It  is  a  f  airty  good  steaming  coal  and  an  excellent  gas  coal. 
An  analysis  of  coal  from  the  Elder-Morgan  prospect,  taken  from 
