304  CONTRIBUTIONS    TO    ECONOMIC    GEOLOGY,    1903.  [bull. 225. 
this  mine  practically  independent.  In  immediate  proximity  is  Walnut 
Run  No.  1.  The  method  of  working  here  is  the  same  as  used  for  the 
upper  bed,  described  on  page  299.  The  Allport  mine,  nearly  opposite 
Walnut  Run  No.  1,  works  both  Freeport  coal  beds.  It  is  hampered 
in  working  out  its  entire  territory  on  the  lower  bed  by  a  "fault"  or 
thin  section  of  the  coal,  the  direction  of  which  is  about  northeast  and 
southwest,  or  parallel  to  the  main  heading.  In  this  " fault"  a  bed  of 
sandstone  comes  down  on  the  coal,  replacing  the  slate  roof,  and  there 
is  also  directly  over  the  coal  about  10  inches  of  "  niggerhead"  that  is 
not  present  elsewhere  in  the  mine.  Although  this  mine  was  opened 
in  1893,  it  still  adheres  to  mule  haulage,  but  the  coal  is  cut  by  air 
machines  and  recently  there  has  been  installed  a  fan  driven  by  steam. 
The  output  is  far  above  the  average  for  mines  with  mule  haulage. 
At  the  town  of  Barnesboro  the  extensive  operations  of  Barnes  & 
Tucker  are  rivaled  onty  by  the  two  large  mines  of  the  Clearfield 
Bituminous  Coal  Corporation.  The  former  operate  Juniata,  and 
Lancashire  Nos.  6,  7,  8,  and  11,  on  the  north  side  of  the  town,  and 
Lancashire  No.  3  on  the  south.  The  last-mentioned  mine  is  the  oldest 
of  the  group,  having  been  one  of  the  first  opened  at  Barnesboro.  The 
original  rope-haulage  system  is  still  in  use,  and  this  is  the  only  power 
used  about  the  mine  except  for  a  steam  pump,  which  is  run  almost 
constantly  to  keep  down  the  water.  Ventilation  is  by  a  large  furnace. 
Lancashire  No.  6  and  Juniata  are  not  regularly  worked,  but  Nos.  7. 
8,  and  11  supply  nearly  all  the  coal  shipped  by  this  company.  These 
mines  are  admirably  planned  and  equipped.  No.  8,  at  the  head  of 
Porter  Run,  is  a  slope  mine.  No.  11,  about  100  yards  below,  con- 
nects with  No.  8  as  also  does  No.  7,  the  entrance  to  which  is  in  the 
town.  With  the  exception  of  steam  supplied  to  a  pump  in  No.  8  for 
raising  the  water  up  the  slope,  the  only  kind  of  power  in  these  mines 
is  electricity,  electric  motors  being  used  for  haulage,  and  electric 
chain  machines  for  cutting  the  coal.  In  Nos.  7  and  11  there  are 
electric  pumps  that  run  constant^,  requiring  little  attention.  Power 
is  furnished  by  two  independent  plants,  one  at  mine  No.  8,  and  one  at 
mine  No.  7.  These  also  supply  the  town  with  light  and  each  is  of 
sufficient  capacity  to  do  all  of  the  work  alone,  although  the}'  are 
arranged  to  be  thrown  into  the  same  circuit.  The  three  mines  are 
operated  independently  of  each  other,  but  the  advantage  of  their  con- 
nection is  obvious,  permitting,  in  case  of  accident  or  burning  of  a 
tipple,  the  hauling  of  all  of  the  loads  out  of  one  opening,  as  well  as 
quick  and  easy  transportation  for  motors  and  machines  to  the  very 
complete  machine  shop  recently  completed  at  No.  7. 
West  Branch  and  Empire  mines  are  located  in  the  immediate  vicin- 
ity of  Barnesboro,  the  former  being  located  just  south  of  town  and 
the  latter  back  of  North  Barnesboro.  They  were  opened ,  respectively, 
in  1896  and  1897.     A  large  percentage  of  the  coal  furnished  by  the 
