eckel.]    CEMENT-ROCK  DEPOSITS  OF  LEHIGH  DISTRICT,   PA.-N..   J.     455 
Character  and  composition  of  the  product. — The  analyses  given  in 
the  above  table  will  serve  to  show  the  composition  of  the  product  of 
the  Lehigh  district.  Of  the  10  analyses  quoted,  those  numbered  1  to 
8,  inclusive,  are  fairly  representative  cements.  Analyses  9  and  10,  on 
the  other  hand,  are  of  a  brand  carrying  a  very  low  content  of  alumina 
and  iron  oxide  and  a  correspondingly  high  percentage  of  silica. 
The  characteristics  of  the  Lehigh  district  Portland  cements  are  best 
brought  out  by  the  following  summary  of  the  range  and  average  of 
the  various  constituents.  In  making  up  the  average  the  silica,  alumina, 
and  iron  oxide  contents  of  analyses  Nos.  9  and  10  have  not  been  used, 
and  the  lime  percentage  of  No.  3  has  also  been  excluded.  For  com- 
parison, 9  and  10  have  been  averaged  for  the  first  three  constituents, 
and  the  results  are  placed  in  the  fourth  column. 
Range  and  average  of  Lehigh  district  Portland  cement. 
Silica  (Si02) 
Alumina  ( A1203) 
Iron  oxide  (Fe203) 
Lime  (CaO) 
Magnesia  ( MgO ) 
Alkalies  (Na20,  K20)  . 
Sulphur  trioxide  (S03) 
Maximum. 
Per  cent. 
22.68 
8.29 
2.93 
64.33 
3.43 
1.41 
1.88 
Average. 
Per  cent. 
21.21 
7.71 
2.59 
62.46 
2.82 
1.28 
1.43 
Minimum. 
Per  cent. 
19.06 
6.71 
2.29 
60.  52 
2.00 
1.15 
1.02 
Average  of 
9  and  10. 
Per  cent. 
24.  355 
4.565 
2.270 
Portland  cement  production  of  the 
Lehigh  district 
,  1890-1902. 
Year. 
Lehigh  district. 
Entire  United  States. 
Percentage  of 
total  prod- 
Number 
of  plants. 
Number  of 
barrels. 
Number 
of  plants. 
Number  of 
barrels. 
Value. 
uct  manufac- 
tured in  Le- 
high district. 
1890 
1891 
1892 
1893 
5 
5 
5 
5 
7 
8 
8 
8 
9 
11 
15 
16 
17 
201,  000 
248,  500 
280,  840 
265,  317 
485,  329 
634,  276 
1, 048, 154 
2,  002, 059 
2,  674,  304 
4, 110, 132 
6, 153,  629 
8, 595,  340 
10,  829, 922 
11,400,000 
16 
17 
16 
19 
24 
22 
26 
29 
31 
36 
50 
56 
65 
335, 500 
454, 813 
547, 440 
590,  652 
798,  757 
990, 324 
1, 543, 023 
2,  677,  775 
3,  692,  284 
5,  652,  266 
8, 482, 020 
12,  711,  225 
17, 230,  644 
19,  000,  000 
$439, 050 
1,067,429 
1, 152,  600 
1,158,138 
1,383,473 
1,  586,  830 
2,424,011 
4, 315,  891 
5, 970,  773 
8,  074, 371 
9,  280, 525 
12, 532, 360 
20,  864, 078 
60.0 
54.7 
51.3 
44.9 
1894 
1895 
60.8 
64.0 
1896 
1897 
68.1 
74.8 
1898 
72.4 
1899 
1900 
1901 
72.7 
72.6 
67.7 
1902 
62.8 
1903  « 
60  0 
"  Estimated. 
