6 The “Bx? OF Kor INGAYaI Use ER: iar, 
The trunk, which in the Butterfly is con- 
~ tracted and curled up into the fize and fhape 
of the head of a {mall pin, and lies between 
its wings, appears in the Chryfalis beautifully 
expanded along its belly, between the two 
wings dd. Inthe Chryfalis alfo, the legs, ff, 
& g, by a moft inimitable contrivance, the 
caufe of which, with the reafons for it, we 
fhall hereafter deliver in our felect experiments, 
which are placed on both fides clofe to the 
trunk, quite otherwife than in the Butterfly ; and 
finally, to compleat this fcene of wonders, the 
horns, 77, which in the Butterfly are ftretched 
out at full length over the eyes, lie over the 
legs in the Chryfalis; fo that upon the whole, 
all the parts of the infect, the body, wings, 
horns, legs, and trunk, are to be found as well 
in the Chryfalis, as in the Nymph, in the 
former, indeed, the feet are lefs difcernable than 
in the latter; but the fame difference is Equally 
obfervable in the refpedtive infects. 
The {kin which contains the Chryfalis, is 
much thicker in thofe parts which cover the 
limbs on the outfide, than in thofe which 
ferve only to keep them afunder ; befides, all 
thefe parts are fo evenly and elegantly fattened 
as it were to and upon one another, that they 
exhibit an uniform and equable contiguity of 
parts. For this reafon they are, with the 
greateft difficulty, to be diftinguifhed from one 
another, and that only by a fingular method, 
which I fhall explain to the reader in its 
proper place. This difficulty not only pre- 
vented Mouffet from giving us an accurate 
reprefentation of the Chryfalis in the place juft 
cited *, but induced him to deny, with Arif- 
totle, that there are any parts in the Chryfalis 
difcernable by our fenfes. He fays, ‘‘ the Chry- 
“© falis has neither mouth, nor any other part of 
** the fucceeding infect, that can be perceived.” 
Libavius, is under as great a miftake on 
this fubject +; for, though in treating of the 
Necydalis, he allows it fome traces of wings, 
and alfo of horns, he denies that any diftinct 
limbs are obfervable in it; his words are 
thefe, “ On the fore part there are marks 
“ of legs and horns; and on the back part, 
** towards the fides, fome faint reprefentations 
“ of wings.” But a little afterwards he fays, 
‘«* You cannot perceive any diftiné limbs.” 
Goedaert is as much at a lofs as thefe authors, 
about the true nature of the Chryfalis. He is 
at great pains to make out in it fome refem- 
blance of the human face; and he gives a 
drawing of it, under this idea, in his figures 
of chryfallides. He fhould rather have given 
us that elegant form, which really appears in the 
Chryfalis, than have endeavoured to amufe his 
reader with idle fpeculations, the more pro- 
duétions of his own fancy. Nor is this all 
his error ; he gives us an unnatural reprefentation 
of the caterpillar itfelf, in the place already 
* Inf. Th. L. II. Cap. 36. de Aurel. 
cited ; for that Caterpillar is not covered with 
hair, but with little prickles, and is very nearly of 
the figure reprefented in his 26th experiment. 
As the limbs. of the Chryfalis, fattened 
together in the manner already mentioned, harden 
by degrees, or its skin, which at firft was foft 
and tender, gradually dries up, and becomes, 
as it were, of a horny fubftance, it gradually 
alfo changes the greenith hue which it had 
before, for a gold colour, and all the parts lofe 
their motion; till at laft this Chryfalis, or pro- 
petly the Butterfly, which has lain its time 
under the form of this Chryfalis, cafting off 
its hardened skin, breaks forth in the very {hape 
in which it lay hid under it, without having 
{uffered any change during its confinement, 
unlefs this, that its tender parts, which were 
fluid like water, and immoveable, through an 
excefs of humidity, have with time acquired 
firmnefs and ftrength; juft as it happens in 
the Nymphs already defcribed. 
When the Chryfalis has caft off its skin, the 
wings vifibly expand to their true dimenfions 
in a moft furprifing manner; and the legs and 
other limbs unfold themfelves, and aflume 
the direction and form we fee in the But- 
terfly +. 
This expanfion of the wings being very 
fudden, and therefore difficult to be juflly ob- 
ferved, or underftood as it deferves, unlefs by 
perfons accuftomed to experiments of this kind ; 
it is no wonder that the moft happy geniufes, 
the immortal Harvey, for example, and num- 
berlefs others, fhould have fallen into an error 
on the occafion, affirming that this metamor- 
phofis is not external, or occafioned by any 
growth in the wings of the Chryfalis; but that 
it is altogether internal, not only in regard to 
the wings, but to all the other limbs; in- 
fomuch that Harvey takes upon him to fay, 
that the Chryfalis aflumes a new form in every 
refpect, and therefore calls it a perfect egg, 
The truth is, this fuppofed transformation does 
not take place either internally or externally in 
the Chryfalis; this is proved by the moft care- 
ful experiments, with which his doctrine totally 
difagrees. Nor does he fucceed better in ex- 
plaining, than he had, in imagining this me- 
tamorphofis, which by his denying any growth 
of the parts, and fubftituting an imagination 
of his own, becomes utterly incomprehenfible. 
Thefe remarks are to be confidered here as 
occafionally introduced; for as we intend to 
defcribe in our felect experiments, the manner 
in which thefe wings and the other limbs 
grow, and to demonttrate alfo what changes 
happen from day to day in the egg and Chry- 
falis of the infect, both of which we have 
found to be of the fame nature, till the Cater- 
pillar iffues from the former, and the Butterfly 
from the latter, we fhall at prefent enter no 
further on this fubject. 
+ Obf. Hift. Bomb. L. I. Cap. 21. 
+ The time in which a Butterfly remains in the Chryfalis ftate, is not limited by nature to any particular period, but depends on 
external accidents. 
Reaumur fancied that he could keep the Chryfalis entire many months beyond the ufual time of the difclo- 
fare of the infe@, and thus add to thelength of the creature’s life, though in a condition wherein it had little enjoyment. 
Let 
