ey 
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leaft figns or veftiges of any fuch part: whereas, kind are as confpicuous as poffible, fig. 111. 
on the contrary, in the other kinds of thefe refembling a little Hower, that increafes by de- 
Worms, the little fheaths of the wings, fig. 11. 
begin at that time to appear, and in the largeft 
GC HA 
grees, and is ready to break out of its cup: 
Peat 
Of the life of the Vermicle or Worm of the Ephemerus, when out of the egg ; 
and of its food. 3 
T is very worthy of notice, that thefe 
I Vermicles or Worms never, or but very 
rarely, are obferved to {wim at the bottom of 
the river, or even in the middle of the water: 
They can indeed {wim very {wiftly, and move 
and throw themfelves eafily into ferpentine wind- 
ings in the water, whilft their head is bent 
fometimes up and fometimes down; the reft 
of the body advancing with the like twifting 
convolution and ferpentine motions. But, not- 
withftanding they have this in their power, 
they are always found near the banks of rivers, 
and they live there in the moft quiet parts. 
The more mud there is in the bottom, out of 
which they firft rife, the greater number of 
thefe Worms is ufually found. But you can 
very rarely catch them lying on the mud 
or adhering to it, but they live within the 
mud or clay itfelf in hollows made oblong 
and {mooth. Thefe are bored, not obliquely 
or downwards, but always parallel to the ho- 
rizon: therefore, Vander Kracht fays right in 
Clutius, that thefe infects live in feparate little 
cells. 
As the Bees, therefore with wonderful and 
perhaps inimitable art form their habitations 
with wax; in like manner do the Worms of 
the Ephemerus make thefe holiow tubes, Tab. 
XIIL fig. v. 2, or long holes for their refidence, 
and bore them in the mud, in proportion to 
the bulk of their bodies. Hence, when thefe 
Worms are expelled out of their holes, fo that 
they muft creep on the plain or f{mooth bottom, 
which does not fupport every part of their bo- 
dies, they immediately lofe their ability to go 
forward, though they are even furrounded with 
water, and are able to fuftain or bear themfelves 
up by fwimming. ‘This I have experienced, 
when I had drawn a great number of thefe 
Worms out of their holes, in order to diffect 
them ; they always fell on their backs, and, as 
if they were in a {woon, could not turn them- 
‘felves again: whereas, on the contrary, when 
they.are in their little holes or burrows, they 
can creep very quickly backwards and forwards, 
and move themfelves every way as they have 
occafion. I obferve that it is common to all 
kinds of Worms which live in thefe kind of 
cells or holes to be able to move very quickly 
into their retreats, and when they are taken 
out of them, to faint as it were away. This 
I have obferved in the Worms which live in 
hollow trees, ahd alfo in thofe which are found 
in fruit, in the tubercles of the leaves, and in 
the galls or warts of plants. It is very worthy 
of obfervation, that the Coffus or Worm of 
the great Beetle, whenever it is taken out of 
its houfe, covers its whole body with a web, 
by the help of which it forms a new hole for 
itfelf in the wood ; for it could by no means 
pierce or make a hole, unlefs it were provided 
with fome kind of ftay or fupport to lean 
againft by prefling its body in that part, and 
finding a due refiftance: 
The bait or Worm of the Ephemerus is fo 
weak when out of .its hole or little tube, that 
if at any time it ceafes to move, when {wim- 
ming in the water, it immediately finks to the 
bottom in confufion, and there lies on its back. 
We are to remark further, that as foon as 
the Worms of the Ephemerus have iffued out 
of their eggs, they prepare to build their cells 
or houfes, which we have obferved are long 
and horizontal hollow tubes or caverns made 
in the clay or mud. But they make thefe tubes 
by degrees larger and larger, according to the 
fize of the body, fo that by this means the full 
grown Worms are always found in larger, Tab. 
XIII. fig. v. aa, the young ones in {malier 
tubes, 04. 
The all-wife Creator has given them parts 
appropriated to this purpofe; their two fore legs 
are formed, in fome meafure, as they are in 
the Moles and Mole Crickets. Thefe Worms 
have jaws likewife, which are provided with 
two teeth fomewhat like the forceps or claws 
of crabs, and-thefe ferve very well to affift in 
making thofe holes in the mud. 
Hence you will immediately fee them pierc- 
ing or boring, when they are thrown into a 
little mud mixed with water. If you do not 
give them a fufficient quantity of the mud, 
they will neverthelefs continue to undermine 
what they have, at one time hiding their head, 
and at another their body, and afterwards their 
tail, attempting to prepare new cells. 
The fifhermen fay, they are certain from 
experience that thefe Worms, when the water 
finks from the brink or edge of the river, always 
bore holes through the mud into a lower and 
deeper part, and that they likewife go to higher 
places, when the water rifes. ‘This, I think, 
they are under a neceflity of doing, fince they 
have feveral air-pipes in their trachez, by the 
help of which they frequently draw new air, 
which is neceffary to their life. This they could 
Ec not 
