138 
is commonly found very full of excrements, 
which are like the dung of Dormice. It is by 
reafon of the thicknefs of this inteftine, which 
is naturally fo vaftly diftended, that the leaft or 
loweft annuli or rings are {mooth and tranf{pa- 
rent. Another reafonis, that, as the Worm has 
no fat about thefe parts, the filver-coloured 
pulmonary pipes, diftributed all over this in- 
teftine, appear very beautifully through the tranf- 
parent skin; and indeed the elegance of this 
light is the more remarkable, becaufe the in- 
teftine is of a purplifh or bluifh colour. The 
pulmonary pipes juft now mentioned reach on 
each fide 2, from the points of refpiration to 
this inteftine, and are diftributed thereon, as well 
as on the extremity of the ftomach and ftraight 
gut. I have omitted reprefenting here the other 
pulmonary pipes, that I might be able to ex- 
hibit the other eight orifices 0 0 00 thereof in 
their natural fituation, and as they fhew them- 
felves when the fat and,all other impediments 
are removed. ‘This inteftine bends itfelf by de- 
grees towatds the ftomach, and there ends in a 
narrower canal, which is directly under it, 
and which I call the ftraight gut ; becaufe it 
agrees with that inteftine in figure, infertion 
and ufe. 
I at firft {uppofed the fpinal marrow, Tab. 
XXVIII. fig. 1. to be in this, as it is in other 
infects. But afterwards, by opening two 
Worms which I had kept fince the laft year, 
I obferved that the marrow in this creature 
differed very much, not only from that of 
other infects, but alfo from that of the Silk- 
worms, to which in many things elfe the 
Worm has great refemblance. As the marrow 
in the Silkworm confifts of many globules, 
which the celebrated Malpighius has been 
pleafed to call fo many brains, this, being form- 
ed ina quite different manner, fcarce extends 
to the third or fourth annular divifion of the 
body ; but whatever part of itafterwards reaches 
to-the other rings of the Worms, or whether 
what we fee there are no more than nerves 
fhooting from this principal body of the mar- 
row; which, like fun-beams, beautifully and 
wonderfully diftribute themfelves through the 
body of the creature, and thus give fenfe and 
motion to the circumjacent mufcular parts, 
none yet can fay. Though there is a diftri- 
bution like this in the Silkworm, yet the fpinal 
marrow itfelf in that infect is extended through 
the whole body. Hence the marrow in the. 
Coffus is very fhort, but the nerves are longer. 
I have again, fince the firft experiments, 
examined this marrow in a fmaller Worm, 
which I had raifed from the egg; but becaufe 
the body of the Worm is very fhort and com- 
pact, the marrow is therefore fituated fome- 
what deeper, and thenceappears very diftinét and 
beautiful. The a brain of the Coffus is placed 
in the head, and confifts of two hemifpheres, 
which together form one body. In the fore 
part are {een four little nerves iffuing ont of 
the fubftance of the brain; alfo, out of each 
fide of the brain there iffue two remarkable 
The BOO KE of (N A UR ES ior; 
nerves, which firft leave a large opening’ 
between them, and afterwards again meet to- 
gether a little lower, and there conftitute the 
body of the marrow c. This marrow, it ap- 
pears, may be divided into fourteen globules, 
as it were diftinét, whereof the three laft.to- 
gether formone more globular divifion : more- 
over, the nerves very elegantly branch as they 
{pring out of this marrow. 
We mutt here obferve that the gullet paffes 
through the opening of the marrow which 
we have juft named, in its courfe towards 
the external mouth of the Worm. And in- 
deed there was a neceffity for this ftructure, 
for as the ftomach and gullet are fituated in 
the neck and belly, and the brain lies above 
in the head, the marrow muft neceflarily have 
been fituated only on one fide, unlefs there 
had been a hole in it for the gullet to pafs 
through; hence it is contrived that the mar- 
row pofleffes the middle of the body. The 
moft wife Architect of the univerfe has taken 
care, by means of this opening, that the mar- 
row fhould not be forced to twift or turn itfelf 
round about the gullet, which could fcarce 
have been ‘any other way avoided. In the 
fame manner the gullet pafles through an 
opening of the marrow in Silkworms: this 
the famous Malpighius has neither defcribed. 
nor delineated. This author has likewife de- 
lineated fewer globules of marrow than are 
really in the Silkworm, and he has entirely 
omitted the brain, But it is eafy to add to 
what has been difcovered before. As this mar- 
row is divided only once, and that at the be-~ 
ginning of its courfe in this Worm, it opens 
many times in the Silkworms, as Malpighius 
has very juft remarked. It is alfo further re- 
markable that two confiderable branches of 
the pulmonary tubes, which are filver coloured, 
and glitter like mother of pearl, are obferved 
to pafs over the marrow of the Coffus in many 
ferpentine windings. Thefe branches with their 
ramifications accompany the nerves iffuing 
out of the fpinal marrow, unto their fineft or 
moft delicate divifions, which is alfo the cafe 
in Silkworms. However great, therefore, the 
difference may be between the marrow of the 
Coffus and Silkworm, the brain and branching 
nerves meet again in both. The nervus 
recurrens, Tab. XXVIII. fig. 11, deferves 
moft confideration of any; becaufe, as in 
larger animals,.and in man, this provides 
nerves for the beginning of the ftomach, and 
other parts adjacent: it performs the fame 
office equally in the Coffus and Silkworm, 
But in order to underftand how this is ma- 
naged, I muft repeat what I have before ob- 
ferved, that the gullet pafles from the external 
mouth of the creature, through the opening 
of the marrow towards the ftomach, and that 
therefore the marrow feems to be divided 
into two parts,purpofely that it might tranfmit 
the gullet. A further advantage that arifes 
from this is, that the brain is there lodged 
gently on the gullet, and is joined to it by 
means 
