192 
fluids have evaporated thence, and the pores 
of the parts mentioned are contracted clofer. 
Enough has been faid of the outward form, 
and of the generation, difpofition and actions of 
the Bees: I proceed next to the internal parts 
contained in the head, breaft and belly, which 
I fhall explain in the fame order that I ob- 
ferved in treating of the Worm and Nymph. 
Thofe parts that are inclofed in the head and 
breaft, I fhall exprefsly treat of when I come 
to defcribe the male Bee. ‘This only need be 
particularly obferved here, with regard to the 
head in common Bees, that their teeth or 
jaws are larger than in the others, and are fur- 
nifhed with two ftrong mufcles, the one larger, 
the other fmaller, which are indeed of a very 
firm conftruction, and take up great part of 
the fkull, which is of a fubftance between horn 
and bone. ‘The tendons of thefe mufcles are 
cartilaginous, approaching to a fubftance be- 
tween horn and bone, and being enclofed with- 
in the flefh, they there adhere on each fide in 
the manner that we fee the plumage on both 
ftick clofe to the quillsin the feathers of Birds ; 
but we may more properly compare this fa- 
brick with thofe mufcles in Crabs and Lobfters, 
which move their claws; for in thofe the flefh 
in the fame manner is obferved to be joined with 
the great hard tendons of thofe mutcles; where- 
fore thefe {mall mufcles‘of the Bees agree with 
the mutcles of other animals in their ftru€ture, 
and are exactly fuch as the diftinguifhed Steno 
has defcribed them. 
Since Ihave mentioned here the mutual fimi- 
litude which there is between the muicles of 
Bees and thofe of cruftaceous animals, I would 
have this further obferved, that, as in thofe 
animals the bony parts are placed on the out- 
fide of the body and within, fo this obtains alfo 
after the fame manner in the Bee; -and this 
ftructure is direétly contrary to that which we 
obferve in larger animals and men, whofe flefh 
is placed outermoft, but the bones within, in 
the fleth, or between the flefh. However, the 
ftructure juft mentioned in the Bee, as alfo in 
Lobfters, does not conftantly obtain throughout, 
for in thofe places where the hard or horny 
bone, by which the joints of thefe animals are 
fupported, is to bend, or where the articulati- 
ons are placed, thefe tendons, together with a 
part of the mufcles lie bare; fince, were it 
otherwife, there would arife from thence a 
great obftruction in moving. But again, all 
powerful nature does not ufe this method in all 
the articulations, as may be feen about the 
joinings of the horns; for in thefe, all that is 
mufcular is enclofed entirely within the cavity 
of the bony or horny matter ; confequently the 
motion in thefe parts is obferved a little lefs 
diftinétly. 
There remains another thing to be confi- 
dered even in the common Bee, I mean the 
trunk or probofcis, it being, like the teeth, much 
more remarkable in thefe than in the males, In 
this probofcis we are to obferve principally feven 
little parts; one of them, whichis placed in the 
The 3B © OR eof WN AL UR: BEY of 
middle, Tab. XVII. fig. v. 2, has no fellow, and 
is pervious like a hollow tube: this properly 
conftitutes the tongue or the trunk itfelf: the 
other fix little parts, difpofed in three pairs, fur- 
round the former on each fide, being deftined 
for aflifting the trunk in the a&t of fudtion, thatit 
may be able with fomuch the more eafe to draw 
out of flowers, and pour in by fuction, the natu- 
ral honey found in flowers. In the trunk it- 
felf its divifions are to be confidered, which are 
extremely elegant and regular, and are befet all 
around with briftly, and as it were triangular 
hairs, diftributed in an elegant order. Some 
of thefe divifions at firft fight I took for arti- 
culations ; there are above a hundred of them, 
and fome of them do not go through the whole 
thicknefs of the trunk. The ftru€ture of the 
trunk alfo, together with its mufcles, and the 
manner in which the fuction is performed, are 
very worthy to be obferved: but before I pro- 
ceed to explain thefe, I thall firft defcribe thofe 
three pair of little parts which are placed above 
and near the trunk. 
The two firft little parts of the probofcis 2 a, 
are partly of a fubftance between horn and 
bone, and partly membranaceous: they are fet 
round with hairs, and are furnifhed with air- 
pipes diftributed through the whole texture of 
them, though it be of a fubftance between horn 
and bone. Thefe tubes appear through it 44; 
the tips of theme c¢ are a little bent, but where 
thefe parts are united with the root of the 
trunk dd, there they have a kind of an appear- 
ance of an articulation, by the help of which 
they may be bent,; near the trunk and the reft 
of its parts, quite within, and as it were un- 
der the chin of the Bee, if I may fo fpeak, I 
reprefent them in this draught drawn a little 
outwards and fideways, but the natural fitua- 
tion of them is juft as ‘Tab, XXV. fig. 1x. 
under the letters ff in the Nymph fhews. 
The ufe of thefe feveral parts is to contribute 
their affiftance towards the moving of the trunk 
downwards, and underneath againft the head, 
and a little towards the breaft, as well as to 
affift in clofing and confining it, together with 
the other four, or rather the two pair of little 
parts ; and alfo towards defending, covering, and 
guarding it from injuries. I fhould think that 
they alfo affifted towards {wallowing the native 
honey, drawn up by fuction when the trunk is 
filled with it, or thrufting it further inwards to- 
wards the ftomach, fince they have power to 
{queeze the {nout below and inwards ftrongly 
enough. 
The two other little parts of the trunk, Tab. 
XVII. fig. v.¢e, which figure rx. of Tab. 
XXV. reprefenting the Nymph, fhews in their 
natural fituation under the letters g zg, are 
placed a little higher than the firft pair, but 
they are nearly of the fame ftructure. There is, 
however, this remarkable difference, that each 
of them has in the upper part, at their extre- 
mities, three joints, one, Tab. XVII. fig. v. ff, 
lower and longer, and the two others g g higher 
and fomething fhorter, which are all furrounded 
with 
