16 The BOOK ‘of 
parts are extended, and difpofed over the in- 
feét’s body, in the orderly manner in which I 
have exhibited them. All this will become 
very intelligible to thofe, who will call to mind 
what I already faid, viz. that the extremities 
of the four wings, with the two hinder pairs 
of legs of the firft feries, are enclofed in one 
and the fame fkin; that the horns are folded 
up in membranes full of ligaments; and that 
the trunk is in the fame manner firmly faftened 
on the forepart of the fkull.. This being the 
cafe, it is impoffible but that, on the pieces of 
the broken fkull, the withered legs, and the 
other fkins, rolling up towards the tail, all 
the new limbs, here mentioned, muft difplay 
and arrange themfelves in the moft beautiful 
manner, and by the jufteft and moft orderly 
evolutions; for the membranes I have named, . 
that are fo full of ligaments, act the part of fo 
“many ropes and pullies to extend thefe new 
parts, in proportion as the old are thruft 
over them. Now, if this change was to hap- 
pen in fome creature of a larger fize, one, for 
example, equal to a Sheep or a Calf, is there 
any one fo infenfible, as that he would not be 
ftruck with the deepeft aftonifhment at the 
NATURE; or, 
fight and contemplation of fuch wonders of 
the Divine Power? Certainly, God reveals 
himfelf as much and more in thofe myfterious 
and delicate operations, which the microfcope 
alone can difcover.. Thus then, we at length 
fee evidently in what the change of the Cater- 
pillar into a Chryfalis confifts, and what that 
Chryfalis or Aurelia, or the Caterpillar which 
has caft its kin, really is; though the great 
Harvey moft prepofteroufly confidered it as an 
ego, and, enthralled by vulgar prejudices, feri- 
oully afhrmed the fucceeding Butterfly to be 
generated by a metamorphofis, which, after 
all, he could neither explain or comprehend. 
When the little creature has hung in the 
open air for fome hours, its external skin 
hardens. by the power of that element; at the 
fame time that the enclofed limbs are, in a 
manner, fluid like water, on account of their 
great delicacy and tendernefs ; fo that it has no 
power to move its wings or legs, till the fuper- 
fluous humidity, that clogs them, is evaporated: 
then burfting its prifon, it appears in the fhape 
of a Butterfly; as fhall be prefently ex- 
plained *. 
The anatomy of the Chryfalis, two days after it has caf its fein. 
“"T HE eyes were yet fo tender and delicate, 
that they diffolved with handling. The 
forks likewife were very moift; but, notwith- 
ftanding this, the articulations were very con- 
fpicuous; though, for the greateft part, they 
appeared like membranes, juft beginning to 
harden. ‘The legs were in the fame condition 
with the forks; but, on account of the pul- 
monary tubes which appeared through their 
furface, they looked fomewhat more firm. 
The fame thing may be faid alfo of the horns. 
The wings within were quite colourlefs, and 
like a jelly; fhewing, through their tranfpa- 
rent fubftance, pulmonary tubes, compofed, 
as it were, of mother of pearl. 
As to the internal parts, the change in them 
is much more fenfible. The ftomach is con- 
fiderably fhortened, whilft the gullet is grown 
twice as long as it was in the Caterpillar, and 
runs in the form of a flender tube through the 
thorax into the abdomen. In the hinder part, 
the ftomach is reduced to a flender gut, and 
becomes fovery tender, that it breaks with the 
leaft touch: within this is found a fluid mat- 
ter, of a deep red colour, inclining to purple, 
but not very thin. Under this there appears a 
kind of chalky fediment, of a fomewhat paler 
colour. The fix cceca, or clofed guts, that 
before joined the ftomach, are now wafted 
away, and no longer to be feen. 
The heart and the fpinal marrow are be- 
come much fhorter ; and this is all the confi- 
derable alteration that appears in thefe parts. 
The particles, which I once miftook for the 
Caterpillar’s filk-bags, are now become more 
flender, but more compact. The mufcles of 
the thorax, and thofe which are to move the 
legs and wings, have not the leaft {trength or 
firmnefs, fo that on difturbing them, they im- 
mediately fell to pieces. 
yellower, thicker, and more friable, fo as to 
crumble with the lighteft touch. The pul- 
monary tubes are become {maller, and they 
are carried in the moft elegant manner through 
the legs, wings, and other parts. ‘There is a 
purple nodule, or knot, in fhape nearly round, 
fticking to the lower rings of the body. I 
could not now difcover the kidney-like parti- 
cles, though I fearched for them carefully in 
three diftiné Aurelie: but I have obferved in 
Caterpillars of another kind, that thefe parti- 
cles at length. unfold themfelves, and then feem 
to form fome other parts, which adminifter to 
the fpermatick organs. : 
* The repeated experiments of fucceeding naturalifts have, in every inftance, confirmed the doctrine of this author on the prefent 
fubje&. The indefatigable Reaumer proved the truth of 
‘experiments. He enc 
this evaporation of the abundant moifture from the Chryfalis, by different 
lofed the Chryfalis in a glafs tube, and he found the evaporated water collected in drops at the bottom of the 
tube: he covered the Chryfalis with varnifh ; and this making the evaporation more difficult and flow, the Butterfly was two months 
longer than it 
s natural time in coming out of the cafe. ‘The fame author found alfo, that laying the Chryfalis in a warm room, 
haitened the difclofure of the infe@t; and keeping it in an ice-houfe, in the fame manner, delayed it, Warmth atts, in this cafe, in 
a double capacity, invigorating the animal, and evaporating the moifture. ; 
The: 
The fat is grown 
