18 The BOOK 
wings. When we examine the internal parts, 
it appears that the eyes are perfectly formed, 
being replete with thin pyramidal filaments, 
in the fame manner as thofe of the common 
Bee, as already mentioned. ‘There are in the 
trunk two channels, which, uniting, form 
only one in the thorax, and conftitute the 
gullet, which ends at the ftomach. The 
mufcles of the thorax have acquired their 
due firmnefs, and confift of three kinds of 
fibres; fome running lengthways, others tranf- 
verfely, and the third kind obliquely. Near 
the gullet appear the three little particles, 
which I took for the Caterpillar’s filk-bags. 
They are at this time curled into one, and 
are inferted near the end of the gullet, 'to 
which they are united on each fide. A blad- 
der full of wrinkles, and endued with a peri- 
ftaltick motion, is now feen on the upper part 
of the ftomach; and it communicates with 
the gullet, by means of a flender tube. This 
bladder, the ftomach, and fome part of the 
gullet, are full of a deep purple moift fub- 
{tance ; but the upper part of the gullet has 
nothing befide air in it. The ftomach, being 
gathered up into one mafs, in a furprifing 
manner, looks as if quite covered with tuber- 
cles. The back-part of it, like a little gut, 
is now become much more flender and fhorter, 
and is wrinkled withal, fo as to deferve the 
name only of an inteftine. The vafcula ceeca, 
aricofa, or crocea, which were dropped from 
the ftomach, appear now in the fame place. 
Next were to be feen the inteftina crafla, or 
large guts, which, from being very fhort in 
the Caterpillar, are now become very long and 
flender, and appear as if they had been 
ftretched out to give them fuch an extraordi- 
nary length. ‘They then dilate into a nodule, 
or knot, full of the purple matter already men- 
tioned; and that dilatation is followed by an- 
other, greater than the firft; but its contents 
are the fame. ‘The Chrylalis, on cafting its 
old" NO AN Ge RE ST om 
skin, difcharges this liquid from the anus; by 
which means the nodule, or knot, next to it 
comes to be fmaller than the other. This ex- 
crementitious fubftance, laid upon paper, looks 
like real blood. ‘The ftomach, of the Aurelia 
] am defcribing, is much more firm, and of a 
much better confiftency, than that of the Au- 
relia of two days already fpoken of ; infomuch 
that it may be now handled with the forceps, 
and drawn out of the body with the inteftines 
that are joined to it, without any damage or 
danger. 
The heart and fpinal marrow are now quite 
contracted, and confiderably diminifhed. The 
fat is furprifingly wafted away, and wrinkled 
up by evaporation, fo as to refemble a bunch 
of yellow oblong grapes, which are fo firmly 
fattened to the pulmonary tubes, that the 
greateft care and patience is.requifite to part 
them. ‘There appeared no other alteration in 
the pulmonary tubes but this, that they were 
grown more membranaceous, and fhew more 
diftinétly their mufcles, and other parts, which 
had now acquired their proper degree of per- 
fection. The kidney-like particles are now no 
longer to be feen: perhaps they have been ex~ 
panded by a flow growth into the organs of 
generaticn, which now fhew themfelves very 
diftingtly ; but are fo intimately united with 
the fat and pulmonary tubes, that it is almoft 
impofible to feparate them, unbroken and en- 
tire. This makes it neceffary to attempt the 
diffeGtion of the genital parts in the Butterfly 
itfelf: Itherefore hope, that, when I fhall have 
proceeded fo far, I {hall be able to give a fatif- 
factory defcription of thefe parts, with figures 
to illuftrate the accounts; provided my health 
does not fail me, and I do not want proper 
fubjects to work upon. I fhall likewife defcribe 
at the fame time, and in the fame manner, the 
gullet, ftomach, and inteftines, with figures of 
them. 
In what manner the Aurelia affumes the form of a Butterfly. 
W EIEN this, as I may jaftly fay, furprifing 
alteration of the infect, by the growth,, 
and removal of the limbs, and other parts, hap- 
pens in the month of June or July 5 it requires 
only about eighteen days to perfect it in this fpe- 
cies: whereas late in autum, it requires ten days 
more ; fometimes indeed a great number of Ca- 
terpillars, by not beginning to change till the fea- 
fon is thus far advanced, perifh for want of 
ftrength to caft their flkins; fo that, on this oc- 
cafion, thefe little creatures are liable to the com- 
mon calamides of nature, and very often come 
to-an untimely end. 
Nothing is more remarkable about the time 
when the Auyelia begins to caft its fkin, than the 
perfedtion to which the wings, which have 
grown under it, are arrived, The colours that 
adorn them are chiefly black, red, and a fky- 
blue; and thefe, as well as the trunk, legs, and 
horns, may be very eafily difcerned through the 
{kin that covers them, even without the help of 
a microfeope, Tab. XXXV. Fig. ix. 
On examining, with a microfcope, the Chry- 
falis at this period, the extremities of its legs are 
obferved to move very diftin@ly : a circumftance 
which I have often remarked in the Aurelia of 
Silk-worms, with the greateft aftonifhment. 
The colours of the under pair of wings cannot 
be feen, becaufe they are altogether covered by 
the upper pair; nor are the colours of the other 
parts, juft now mentioned, very difcernible, be- 
caufe there is not fo great a variety of tincts in 
thofe parts. For though the colour of all Chry- 
fallides appear through their fkins, at the time 
they are going to caft them off; neverthelefs, it 
is impoflible to tell exactly what thofe colours 
are, where there does not happen a confiderable 
diftinGtion between them and the ftain itfelf. 
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