BALSAM Frr. BALM oF GILEAD Fir. 
Tree (shrub at high elevations) 10-30 m. high; bark 
smooth, grayish (in younger trees), brownish (in older 
ones), marked by transverse balsam chambers: leaves 
15 cm, or longer, obtuse or sometimes emarginate, dark 
green above, pale or bluish-white beneath, somewhat 
2-ranked: cones dark-purple, 6-12 cm. in length, 2-3 
em. in diam. : 
Mt. Rogers, Va., Small. 
** Bracts exceeding the cone scales. 
2. A. Fraseri (Pursh) Poiret. 
Pinus Frasert Pursh, ¥\. 2: 639. 1814, 
Abies Frasert Potiret, Encycl. Suppl. 5:35. 1817. 
Sargent, Silva 12: 105. t. 609; Man. 57. 
This species is closely related to the preceding one; 
it is recognized by its cinnamon-red bark (grayish in old 
trees), its somewhat shorter, emarginate leaves: cones 
dark- purple, 5-7 cm. in length, 2 cm. in diam.; braéts 
yellowish-green, reflexed. 
Mt. Rogers, Smadl. 
I have observed this species in Eastern Tennessee, 
A. pectinata (Lam.) DC. 
Pinus pectinata Lam. Fl. Fr. 2: 202. 1748, 
Abzes pectinata DC. FI. Fr. 3: 2476. 1815. 
The Silver Fir of Europe is often found in cultivation. 
It is readily recognized by its blunt, dark-green, 2-3 cm. 
long and somewhat 2-ranked leaves. 
81 
