46 CLASS-BOOK OF BOTANY. 
to be 5-celled, and to contain a great number of ovules, which 
hang from the inner upper angle of each cell. 
Fig. 63. Ovary of Manuka, Wig. 64. Capsule of Manuka, 
transverse section. longitudinal section, 
On the same plant whieh bears the flowers you will pro- 
bably find last year’s fruit. The calyx-tube is still present 
as an inferior woody cup half-enclosing the ovary, the upper 
portion of which opens loculicidally by 5 valves. The seeds 
are very small and linear. | 
A second species of Manuka (ZL. ericoides) is very abundant 
in many parts of New Zealand, sometimes occurring along 
with ZL. scoparium. It is readily distinguished by its smaller, 
softer, and more crowded leaves, which are not mucronate, 
and by the smaller, always ¥ flowers, placed on short pedicels, 
and having a more elongated calyx-tube, which in fruit en- 
closes the whole capsule. 
(a.) Compare with this type any of the Ratas, Ironwood- 
trees, or Pohutukawas which grow in your neighbourhood, 
all of which belong to the genus Metrosideros. In some of the 
climbing species the leaves are arranged in 
two ranks (= distichous), giving the branches 
the appearance of pinnate leaves. In the 
flowers note particularly the elongated sta- 
inens, which in some species are the most 
conspicuous feature. Some of these ratas de- 
pend upon birds for their fertilisation. While 
the sepals and petals are 5 in number, and the 
capsule is often 5-ribbed, it will be found that 
the ovary is only 3-celled, and when mature 
Fig. 65. Flower Opens by 3 valves. 
of Metrosideros (b.) Compare also the Myrtles (genus 
florida, Myrtus), of which we have four New Zea- 
| land species. In these the ovary is usually 
only 2-celled, and ripens to a berry, containing a few seeds 
which have a hard testa. 
(c.) In nearly every part of New Zealand species of Eucalyptus, o¥ 
Australian gum-trees, have been planted. Of these, H. globulus, the 
Blue-gum, is the most familiar. Note the following among other cha- 
racters: (1) The oblique venation of the leaves, which have no upper an¢ 
under surface, but hang vertically ; (2) the thick—almost woody—calyx- 
tube, which is sometimes 4-angled, and usually shows no trace of lobes ; 
