SYNOPSIS OF THE ORDERS OF INDIGENOUS 
AND INTRODUCED PLANTS OCCURRING IN 
NEW ZRALAND.* 
Cruass [. DICOTYLEDONS. 
Sub-class I. Ponypreraua. 
Drvision I., THALAMIFLOR#.—F lowers with calyx and corolla; 
petals free, and inserted along with the stamens on the 
receptacle. 
Haceptions.—Species without petals occur in Ranunculacez, Cruci- 
fersee, and Caryophyllez; with petals united at the base in Portulaces and 
Malvaceze ; with stamens perigynous in Caryophyllee. 
* Pistil apocarpous. Hmbryo minute, in fleshy endosperm. 
1. Ranuncunacea.— Herbs with alternate leaves, or 
opposite-leaved climbing shrubs. Flowers regular or irregular ; 
stamens co, Fruit achenes or follicles. (P. 188.) 
Several genera have petaloid sepals and no petals. 
2. Macnoriacem, Sub-order WintTERE®.-—Shrubs or trees 
with alternate leaves. Stamens co, with short thick filaments. 
Fruit succulent. (Drimys (Pepper-tree), 2 species.) 
“< Pistil syncarpous, 1-celled, or 2- or more-celled by the 
prolongation of the placente; placentation parietal. 
PAPAVERACE®. -— Herbs with alternate leaves and milky juice. 
Sepals 2. Petals 4. Stamens oo. Ovary 1-celled. Embryo minute, in 
fleshy endosperm. (Papaver (Poppy) and Eschscholizia.) 
FUMARIACHEa. — Herbs, often climbing; leaves alternate, much 
divided. Flowers irregular ; stamens 6, in 2 bundles. Ovary 1-celled. 
Embryo minute, in fleshy endosperm. (Fumaria.) 
3. CruCcIFEREH.—Herbs with alternate exstipulate leaves. 
Sepals and petals 4. Stamens 6, tetradynamous. Ovary 
2-celled by a membranous dissepiment. Seeds exalbuminous, 
with large embryo. (P. 188.) 
4. ViotaceE#.—Herbs or trees with alternate stipulate 
leaves. Flowers regular or irregular, Sepals, petals, and 
stamens 5; anthers with dilated connective. Seeds with large 
* Orders and genera of introduced plants are in small type. 
