142 CLASS-BOOK OF BOTANY. 
and axillary, or in racemes, panicles, or cymes. Calyx-tube 
adnate to the ovary; limb usually 4- or 5-cleft. Petals as 
many as calyx-lobes, imbricate in bud, sometimes joined 
together into an operculum, which falls off as the flower 
opens. Stamens co, usually very numerous, filaments free or 
more or less coherent at the base, anthers small, 2-celled. 
Ovary inferior, 2- or more usually 4—5-celled, rarely 1-celled ; 
style simple, stigma undivided; ovules usually numerous and 
anatropous. Fruit dry and indehiscent, or capsular and 
opening loculicidally by as many valves as cells, or an inde- 
hiscent berry. Seeds exalbuminous, embryo straight or 
curved. (Pp. 45-47, figs. 63-66.) 
A yery large order, especially in the tropics and in the south tem- 
perate zones. The genera with fleshy fruits are widely spread over the 
tropics, while those with capsules are chiefly Australian. The order is 
represented in New Zealand by some 17 species, belonging to 4 genera. 
Of the two species of Leptospermum, or Manuka, one ef them, D. sco- 
pariwn, is also found in Australia; the other, L. ericoides, is peculiar to 
these islands. Metrosideros (10 sp., including Ratas, Ironwood, Pohutu- 
kawa, &c.) is a genus found also in the South Sea Islands, but not in 
Australia. Myrtus, represented by 4 endemic species of Myrtles, is found 
over Kurope, Western Asia, South America, and Australia. Hugenia, 
1 sp., is a genus widely spread in the tropics. 
The order contains a number of useful plants. Perhaps its most 
important genus is Hucalyptus, which includes the gum-trees of Australia 
(Blue Gum, Peppermint, Red Gum, Stringy Bark, &c.). These yield 
valuable timber, while some of the species are among the largest trees 
known, not unfrequently attaining a height of 250ft. Cloves are the 
dried leaves of Caryophyllus aromaticus. Several genera yield edible 
fruits, of which the best known is the Guaya (Psidiwm). Brazil-nuts are 
the seeds of a species of Bertholletia. The European Myrtle (I. com- 
munis) is one of the few species cultivated in gardens for its beauty. 
Order XXX. ONAGRARIEX. 
Herbs, shrubs, or small trees; leaves simple, exstipu- 
late. Flowers regular. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, 
often produced beyond it into a (2-)4-lobed valvate limb. 
Petals (2 or) 4, contorted, or very small, rarely 0, inserted on 
the edge of the calyx-tube. Stamens (as many or) twice as 
many as the petals, inserted with them. Ovary (2—)4-celled, 
with a straight style and entire or 4-lobed stigma ; ovules co 
in each cell. Fruit a capsule or berry; seeds small exalbu- 
minous, sometimes furnished with a tuft of hairs. (Pp. 47-49, 
figs. 67-72.) 
A somewhat small but well-defined order, including 22 genera and 
300 species, chiefly found in temperate regions. Only 2 genera occur in 
this colony. Ofthese, Fuchsia is represented by 8 (or 4) endemic species ; 
all the other species of the genus occurring in the Andes of South 
America. Hptlobiwm, a widespread genus, is well represented by about 
17 sp., many of which, however, are of doubtful specific value. 
There are no important plants belonging to the order; but several 
are cultivated for their flowers—e.g., Godctia, Clarkia, and Ginothera 
(Evening Primrose). Some of these have gone wild in parts of the colony. 
