GLOSSARY 255 
Bipinnate : Twice-pinnate leaves ; pinnate leaflets again pinnate. 
Botany : The science of plants. Greek, boiané, herb. 
Bracis : Small leaves between ordinary leaves and flowers. 
Breccia: A sedimentary rock, formed of angular and unworn 
fragments cemented together. 
Brontosaurus ; An extinct monster. 
Bulb : A bud composed of fleshy scales, usually underground. 
Cainozoic : Rocks of the third great geological era, containing 
fossil remains of numerous recent life-forms. 
i > Gigantic fossil plants allied to existing horse-tail 
plants. 
Calcite : A mineral composed of native carbonate of lime (calcium). 
Calycifloree : Dicotyledonous plants, having stamens inserted in 
the calyx or near to its base. 
Calyx : The outermost covering or whorl of a flower. 
Cambrian : The oldest system of the Paleozoic rocks. Name 
derived from Cambria (Wales), where the rocks are typical. 
Carapace : The protective shell of a crab, tortoise, etc. 
Carbonaceous : Composed mainly of carbon. 
Carboniferous : Rocks of the Paleozoic Era, including the Coal 
Measures. 
Carnivorous : Flesh-eating. 
Carpels ; Divisions of the ovaries of plants. 
Cataclysm : A deluge. 
Capa Onods : The highest order of molluscs, including the cuttle- 
sh 
Oeratodus : The Australian mud-fish. 
Chert : A species of flint. 
Calorophyl : The green colouring matter of plants. 
Chrysalis ; A stage in the development of an insect intermediate 
between the larva and perfect insect. 
Oiliate : Possessing cilia or hair-like lashes. 
Claystone : Clay hardened into stone. 
Cocoon : A sheath or cell spun by larve in which they turn into 
chrysalides. 
Coelenterata: A group of lowly animals which have no internal 
cavity distinct from a digestive tube. 
Compound : In botany, formed of many similar parts. 
Conferva : A term applied to a group of lowly water plants known 
as Alge. 
Conglomerate : A rock composed of rounded pebbles set in a 
mass of cementing material. . 
Connate : Joined at the base. 
Cordata : Vertebrate animals possessing nerve cords. 
Cordate : Heart-shaped. 
Corm: A solid, fleshy, bulb-like underground stem, not com- 
posed of a series of scales. 
