GLOSSARY 261 
Runcinate : A pinnatifid leaf, like that of the dandelion, the 
lobes of which point to the base. 
Sagittate : Arrow-shaped. 
ott le : Sand consolidated by a cementing material into a 
rock. 
Schist : Rocks having a foliated structure. 
Scion : In botany, a creeping shoot. 
Sepals : The leaves or divisions of the calyx. 
Sepia : The ink ejected by cuttle-fish. 
Serrate : Toothed like a saw. 
Sessile : Stalkless. 
Shale : Hardened clay, splitting into lamin or layers. 
Sigillaria : A fossil lycopod. 
Silica : A mineral occurring in the form of flint, quartz, etc. 
Siliceous : Of the nature of silica. 
Sill ; A layer of igneous material intruded between beds of strati- 
fied rocks. 
Silurian : The third period of the Paleozoic Era. 
Simple : In botany, unbranched. 
Sinuate : Having large blunt lobes. 
Spatha : A large bract forming an envelope to some flowers when 
in bud. 
Spathulate : Spoon-shaped. 
Spicules : Small, variously shaped pieces of carbonate of lime, 
silica, or horn embedded in the bodies of sponges. 
Spores : The reproductive bodies of flowerless plants. 
Sport : A monstrosity or freak. 
Stamens : The male organs of flowers. 
Stegosaurus : An extinct monster, known as “ the plated lizard.” 
Steneosaurus : A Jurassic reptile akin to the existing alligator. 
Stigma : The portion of the pistil to which the pollen adheres. 
Stigmaria : The roots of the fossil plants called sigillaria. 
Stipules : Leaf-like growths at the base of the leaf-stalk. 
Stole : A trailing shoot rooting at intervals. 
Stratified : Formed in beds, layers, or strata. 
Striations : In geology, markings on boulders or rock surfaces 
caused by glaciers. 
Style : The stalk rising from the ovary and bearing the stigma. 
Subulate : Awl-shaped. 
Teleosaurus : A Jurassic reptile akin to the modern crocodile. 
Ternate : Three leaflets arising from the same point. 
Tertiary : The Cainozoic Era. 
Thalamiflorse : The first sub-class of the Dicotyledonous plants. 
Theromorphs : An extinct order of reptiles. 
Trachea : A breathing passage. 
Triassic : The first of the three periods of the Mesozoic Era. 
