5 
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Ch. IL] DIFFERENT PARTS OF FLOWERS. L7 
hese organs, or members of the flower; but must now proceed 
6 teach you something about analyzing plants ;—The word 
analyze means, to separate a thing into parts; in one sense, 
therefore, you have now, in considering the different organs of 
a flower, analyzed it: but this is only to prepare you for ano- 
ther kind of analysis, by means of which you will be able to tell 
where a plant belongs in the botanical system, and what is its 
botanical or true name. 
41. In the introductory chapter, I spoke of the importance of 
systematic arrangement; when you learn something of Botany, 
you will perceive that this science could not exist without sys- 
tem. 
42. Formerly botanists endeavoured to give descriptions of 
plants; but having no rules to go by, they were not able to un- 
derstand each other. If a person wished to learn about any 
particular plant, he might be obliged to look over a great many 
pages, or a whole book, before he could find it; because he had 
no rule to guide him in his search. 
43. When you look out a word in a dictionary, you search 
for the first three letters, and as the words are arranged by rule, 
you can find immediately what you wish. If all the words in 
a dictionary were thrown together without any order, how dis- 
couraging would be the task of looking for definitions. 
44, Now it is just so with respect to describing plants; we 
must be guided by some rule in their arrangement.— What shall 
this rule be? Suppose we should arrange the names of plants 
in alphabet,.al order, and then give descriptions of them.—But 
here is one great difficulty ; the names by which people who do 
“not understand Botany call plants, are not the same in different 
places; persons whose gardens are very near each other, will 
often call the same flower by different names; and in different 
countries, the names of plants are expressed in different lan- 
guages; what-we call corn, is in French, b/é, and in Latin, ce- 
res. Without some general system, therefore, you perceive we 
could not learn any thing of the plants of different countries, 
and could not understand each other even with respect to our 
own plants. 
45. After a great many attempts had been made to class 
41. Is systematic arrangement necessary in Botany ? 
42. Why were the botanists of former times unable to understand 
each other ? : 
43. By what rule are words in a Dictionary arranged? 
44, Would the description of plants in alphabetical order, serve as 
arule for botanical arrangement? 
45. How did es propose to arrange plants ? 
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