Ch. XTX.) CLASSIFICATION. 113 
the inside of the corolla. If you pull out the corolla you will 
take the stamens along with it, the filaments being attached to 
it, as they usually are to monopetalous corollas. The corolla 
has a small aperture at the base, through which the pistil grew 
froin the receptacle. 
479. You have already been informed that the Labiate flow- 
ers belong chiefly to the class Didynamia. The ringent divi- 
sion of plants belongs to the order Gymnospermia, having four 
seeds, lying naked inthe calyx. The’personate division belongs 
to the order Angiospermia, having the seeds inclosed in a cap- 
sule until they are ripe, when the capsule opens spontaneously 
and disperses them. 
480. The ringent flowers generally grow in whorls or circles, 
and at the upper part of an angular stem, the leaves standing 
opposite. These plants are never poisonous. Among them we 
find many aromatic plants, the Peppermint, Lavender, Savory, 
Majorum, Thyme, &c.; also many herbs which are useful in 
sickness, as Pennyroyal, Catmint, Horehound, &e. 
481. The personate division affords some very splendid flow- 
ers, as the beautiful Gerardia, or American Foxglove, and the 
magnificent Bignonia, (Trumpet flower.) The plants of this 
order seem to be somewhat allied to those of the class Pentan- 
dria, in many of these, as in the Snapdragon, (Antirrhinum,) ~ 
the Pentstemon, &c., there exists the rudiments of a fifth sta- 
men, in accordance with the five divisions of the calyx and co- 
rolla. Some plants of this division of the Labiate family are 
poisonous, as the Foxglove and the Snapdragon. 
UMBELLATE PLANTS. 
482. The plants of this natural family are found in the arti- 
ficial class Pentandria; they derive their name from the Latin 
word wmbella, an umbrella, on account of the manner in which 
the peduncles of the tlower stalks spread out from the main 
stem. See Fig. 56, db. 
483. The umbellate plants are mostly herbaceous, those 
which grow on dry ground are aromatic, as Dill, Fennel, and 
Caraway: those which grow in wet places, or the aquatic spe- 
cles, are among the most deadly poisons, as Water-Hemlock, 
&c. Plants of this family are not in general so beautiful to the 
ee Cu Le cee ne 
479. What are the orders in this class ? 
480. What is said of the ringent flowers? ’ 
481. What is said of the personate division ? 
482. In which class are th umbellate flowers found and from 
whence then do they take their name? 
483. Describe these plants. 
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