144 BOTANY £OR BEGINNERS. 
The following characters denote the duration of a plant. 
© annual—f biennial—2 perennial—h woody. 
Accent and quantity. 
The marksover the generic and specific names have reference 
not only to the syllable which is to be accented, but to the 
seeney of the vowel in the accented syllable, as either long or 
short. 
Those syllables over which the single mark is placed have 
the vowel pronounced long, as in Fra-ga’-ri-a; those over 
which the double mark is placed, have the*vowel pronounced 
short, as in He-pat’’-i-ca ; in the latter case, the stress of voice 
seems thrown upon the consonant; the two marks may, there- 
fore, be considered as indicating that the consonant, as well as 
vowel, is accented. 
The general rule respecting words of two syHables is simple, 
and renders it unnecessary to prefix to such words the marks for 
accent and quantity. " 
Words of two syllables always have the accent on the first ; 
if the syllable end with a vowel it is long, as in Cro’-cus ; if it 
end with a consonant it is short, as in Cac’-tus. 
Note—It would be well for the teacher to request the pupil to com- 
mit to memory the directions for pronouncing the name of plants— 
the signification of the letters—and to observe particularly the marks 
used to point out accent and quantity. 
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