VINCA, periwinkle 
¢Vinca minor L., common periwinkle, myrtle, p. 1196 
AQUIFOLIACEAE, holly family 
ILEX, holly 
Ilex decidua Walter, possum haw, deciduous holly, p. 1007 
I. opaca Sol., American holly, p. 1006 
var. opaca 
f. opaca 
I. verticillata (L.) A. Gray, winterberry, black alder, p. 1007 
var. padifolia (Willd.) Torrey & A. Gray 
ARALIACEAE, ginseng family 
ARALIA, spikenard 
Aralia nudicaulis L., wild sarsaparilla, p-. 1114 
A. racemosa L., American spikenard, p. 1112 
A. spinosa L., Hercules’ club, devil’s walking stick, tear-blanket, 
p. 1112 
HEDERA, ivy 
+Hedera helix L., English ivy, p. 1114 
PANAX, ginseng 
Panax quinquefolius L., American ginseng, ginseng, p. 1114 
S: Steyermark G: Great Plains Flora M: Mohlenbrock 
