THE COW 241 
frequently employed in hauling heavy loads, especially in 
the bush, where the soft yielding ground is unsuitable for 
the more powerful horse. A team of bullocks, moreover, 
will maintain a strong continuous pull, and thus are 
extremely useful in moving heavy weights from awkward 
positions. Cows are valuable for the sake of their milk. 
The Cow is naturally a forest animal, and, when wild, has 
often to wander long distances in search of food, leaving 
her calf, which is not strong enough to accompany her, 
hidden in the undergrowth. The calf is obliged to take 
sufficient nourishment each time it feeds to last for several 
hours, hence the necessity of a capacious udder to hold a 
large supply of milk. 
When dead, various parts of the animal supply materials 
which it would be extremely difficult to do without. 
The flesh is one of the best known foods, being both 
nutritious and easily digested. 
The fat is also a valuable food. In addition to this, it 
is used for making soap and candles, and from it glycerine 
is separated. 
From the horns many useful articles are obtained. 
Umbrella and knife handles are made from the solid tips, 
and drinking vessels from the hollow portions. Softened 
and spread out, the horns can be cut into combs and shoe- 
horns, and, being translucent, the material is frequently 
used in lanterns, where its toughness often makes it a 
valuable substitute for glass. From the hoofs, softened in 
boiling water, buttons are cut; and from both hoofs and 
horns glue is obtained. 
The bones, when cleaned and cut, are made into knife 
handles, umbrella handles, and numerous other articles. 
When boiled down, they yield jelly and glue, and, when 
burnt, they furnish animal charcoal, so largely used in the 
refining of sugar and in filters. The phosphorus required 
Q 
