QH 
| 
? 464 
NA 
September 24, 1913. Vol. I, pp. 27-29. 
PROCEEDINGS © 
Tes 
OF THE 
THOREAU MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. 
MIDDLESEX SCHOOL, 
CONCORD, MASSACHUSETTS. / 
THE 
FOLIACEOUS AND FRUTICOSE LICHENS 
OF 
CONCORD, MASSACHUSETTS 
With Keys to all New England Species. & 
BY R. HEBER HOWE, JR. 
The following work on the lichens of this township covers 
an investigation begun in 1904. The keys it is hoped will 
add to its value, and make it useful as a manual of New 
England lichens. 
DESCRIPTIVE FLORA. 
Division: THALLOPHYTA. (Lower or non-vascular, cellular 
eryptogams. ) 
Plants whose vegetative body consists of a thallus, which rarely 
shows more than a rudimentary differentiation of stem, leaf or root; 
without vascular or woody tissue, and with sexual and asexual modes of 
reproduction. 
SUBDIVISION: FUNGI. 
Cellular plants, distinguished by their lack of chlorophyl, and repro- 
ducing mainly asexually. 
CuLAss: LICHENES (Tournefort) Micheli. 
Cellular, mostly thalloid plants, originating through a symbiotic or 
parasiticy relation of ascomycetous or basiomycetous fungi and cellular or 
filamentous algae, forming what has been considered a compound thallus 
or so-called consortium. 
+ To saprophytic. on 
FE 
I 
