MEMOIRS OF THE KYANCUTTA MUSEUM 
No. 2 
KYANCUTTA, South Australia, 
April, 1936 
Further Notes on 
Archaeocyathi (Cyathospongia) 
and other organisms 
From the LOWER CAMBRIAN of Beltana, South Australia 
By R. and W. R. Bedford 
NOTE:—This paper deals with Archaeocyathi other 
than the main families, Archaeocyathidae and 
Coscinocyathidae, on which a separate paper is in 
preparation and will be issued shortly. 
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. 
Since the publication of our former paper a valuable 
contribution to the classification of the group has been 
made by Dr. V. J. Okulitch (Trans. Royal Sóc, of 
Canada, 1935). 
Dr. Okulitch makes a new class—Cyathospongia—of 
the Porifera for these organisms, and divides the Class 
into Six Orders, Archaeocyathina, Monocyathina, 
Acanthinocyathina, Heterocyathina, Anthomorphina, and 
` Syringocnemina. At the time we received Dr. Okulitch’s 
paper we had reached very similar conclusions and were 
intending to divide the Porifera into a Sub-Phylum 
Spongiae and a Sub-Phylum (and Class) Archaeocyathi. 
We suggest that, until the new name becomes familiar- 
ised, the Class be referred to as Archaeocyathi ( Cyatho- 
spongia). As a vernacular name we are in the habit of 
referring to the fossils as Archaeos. In our present 
paper we propose to form two new Orders, Spirocyathina 
and Metacyathina; Syringocnema, instead of forming a 
separate Order, is regarded as related to the 
Spirocyathidae. 
Two important papers, with copious illustrations of 
ihe Archaeos of Siberia and descriptions of interesting 
new genera, were published respectively in 1931 and 
1932 by Dr. A. G. Vologdin of the Russian Geological 
Survey. We have only recently seen these papers, and 
Dr. Okulitch does not refer to them. Time and space 
will not permit us at present to attempt an adequate 
correlation between the. South Australian and Siberian 
specimens. 
Our present paper is of the nature of a “progress 
report”; it marks the complete working over of our first 
batch of material, which has occupied about three years 
of laboratory work, publication of results as regards the 
families Archaeocyathidae and Coscinocyathidae being 
deferred temporarily. There remains, however, an equal 
amount of work to be done on fresh material which we 
have in hand, from which we confidently expect im- 
portant results in amplifying and supplementing the 
present and previous work. 
The present paper describes and figures 22 new 
species, 6 new genera and 5 new families of Archaeos, 
besides giving fresh information and figures of some of 
the forms previously described by Taylor and ourselves. 
Two new orders are distinguished. 
Unless otherwise stated, the specimens herein 
described are from the Lower Cambrian limestone of the 
Ajax Mine, Beltana, S. Australia. 
The type specimens of all species described in our 
previous memoir have been acquired by the British 
Museum (Natural History). We have to thank that 
Museum and the Geological Departments of the Univer- 
sities of Melbourne, Glasgow, Oxford, and Princeton, and 
the Smithsonian Institution and Sydney Museum for 
assistance given us by purchase and exchange of 
specimens, which has been of considerable help towards 
the expense of collecting and preparing material. 
CALCAREOUS ALGAE. 
New Genus. Ajacia, 
Encrusting, laminated masses. The outer surface is 
fairly smooth and well-defined and shows a variety of 
mamillated masses between which are deep sulci. Two 
or three laminae, averaging 1 to 2 mm. in thickness, are 
usually present and follow the surface contours. 
Genotype: Ajacia Ajax. 
