AmMaJ!'iSarm'}     Standard  for  Flavoring  Extracts.  227 
shown  that  38*4  per  cent,  of  lemon  extracts  contained  wood  alcohol, 
30-}-  per  cent,  contained  artificial  coloring  matter,  30  per  cent,  con- 
tained but  analytic  traces  of  lemon  oil,  23-f-  per  cent,  were  below 
strength,  and  23-f  per  cent,  above  strength — none  complying  with 
the  official  strength. 
Of  the  vanilla  extracts  examined  during  the  same  year  30  per 
cent  were  fair  extracts  (of  which  67  per  cent  were  pure  and  high 
strength),  40  per  cent,  were  mixed  extracts  of  vanilla  and  tonka, 
and  30  per  cent,  were  artificial  vanilla  extracts.  Of  the  total,  50 
per  cent,  were  colored  with  caramel  and  10  per  cent,  with  coal-tar 
dyes. 
In  the  report  for  1903  the  North  Dakota  Agricultural  Station,  in 
Bulletin  No.  57,  records  57-5  per  cent,  of  the  vanilla  extracts  exposed 
for  sale  to  be  artificial  products — synthetic  preparations,  some  col- 
ored with  caramel,  others  with  guaranteed  non-fading  coal-tar  dyes, 
and  some  packages  containing  one  fluid-ounce  were  labeled  "  con- 
taining two  ounces." 
Of  the  lemon  extracts  examined  during  the  same  year  but  23-4 
per  cent,  responded  to  the  official  requirements,  the  balance  (76-6 
per  cent.)  were  either  below  strength,  artificially  colored,  contained 
low  percentages  of  alcohol,  or  defective  in  all  three  directions. 
Now  as  to  1904.  The  North  Dakota  Commissioners'  report  for 
that  year  shows  that  50  per  cent,  of  the  lemon  extracts  were  arti- 
ficially colored,  64  per  cent,  contained  wood  alcohol,  and  the  lemon 
oil  content  varied  from  o  per  cent,  to  4-5  per  cent.,  while  25  per 
cent,  of  the  samples  contained  no  oil  but  traces,  the  average  con- 
taining 2-17  per  cent. 
Of  the  vanilla  extracts  examined  the  same  year  only  15-4  per 
cent,  were  weak  extracts,  while  84-6  per  cent,  were  synthetic  or 
artificial  extracts,  and  all  the  100  per  cent,  were  artificially  colored. 
The  report  from  the  same  State  for  1905  reveals  the  following 
figures:  Lemon  extracts,  34  per  cent,  below  strength,  of  which 
about  12  per  cent,  contained  no  lemon  oil  at  all,  15  per  cent,  con- 
tained artificial  color,  and  r8  per  cent,  contained  wood  alcohol  (1 
sample  in  56).  Vanilla  extracts — of  42  samples  examined  14  were 
illegal,  being  either  synthetic,  artificially  colored,  or  artificial  substi- 
tutes, showing  thus  that  333/3  per  cent,  were  illegal.  The  other 
extracts  examined  that  year  were  orange,  which  was  bad,  and  pep- 
permint, which  was  questionable ;  and  of  the  extracts  not  embraced 
