314  Examination  of  Commercial  Ginger.  {^mjJ^ 
Adulterated  Ginger. — The  study  of  ginger  is  rendered  difficult  by 
reason  of  the  fact  that  in  preparing  it  for  the  market  it  is  treated  in 
a  manner  which  alters  its  character  to  a  greater  or  lesser  extent. 
Fig.  5. —Adulterated  powdered  ginger:  F,  sclerenchymatous  fibers  ;  T,  reticu- 
late tracheae  ;  SC,  secretion  cells  ;  K,  cork  ;  S,  starch  grains  ;  W,  swollen  starch 
grains  ;  W,  small  swollen  altered  starch  grains  ;  P,  parenchyma  ;  H,  hyphse  of 
fungus  and  spores  (F)  ;  Y,  fragments  of  tissues  of  capsicum  ;  N,  stone  cells 
of  olive  endocarp. 
The  water-soluble  extract  is  partly  removed  by  the  washing  to  which 
it  is  subjected,  and  thus,  as  pointed  out  by  Clayton,12  the  higher  the 
price  and  the  finer  the  appearance,  the  less  the  proportion  of  oleo- 
resinous  constituents.     In  other  words,  an  excessive  amount  of 
