Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  / 
October,  1908.  j 
Oil  of  Orange. 
475 
Specific  Gravity  Rotation 
150  C.  20°  C. 
15  .847  +86°  50' 
16  .847  *  +960 
17  .846  +92 0  20' 
Rotation  First  Remarks 
10$  distillate  200  C. 
+87°  30'  Adulterated,  probably 
turpentine,  lemon 
oil  or  terpenes 
+98°  30'  Normal 
+870  Adulterated,  probably 
lemon  terpenes 
Specific  Gravity. — The  following  are  the  limits  given  by  the 
various  authorities  for  this  constant : 
Gildemeister  &  Hoffmann  848  to  .852  at  150  C. 
Schimmel  &  Co   .848  to  .853  at  150  C. 
Parry  848  to  .856  at  150  C. 
U.  S.  P  842  to  .846  at  (250  C.) 
The  figure  .856  is  exceptional ;  from  .848  to  .853  covers  most 
commercial  samples  of  sweet  orange  oil. 
The  specific  gravity  of  bitter  orange  oil  varies,  between  .854  and 
.857.  The  addition  of  lemon  oil  or  turpentine  raises  the  specific 
gravity  slightly,  alcohol  lowers  it. 
Rotation. — The  following  are  the  variations  for  this  constant : 
Gildemeister  &  Hoffmann  ...  +96  0  to  +980  (200  C.) 
Schimmel  &  Co   +950  to  +980  (200  C.) 
Parry   +94 0  to  +980    200  C. 
U.  S.  P.    Not  less  than   +95 0  at  25 0  C. 
The  rotation  of  bitter  orange  oil  varies  from  +90  0  to  +93°  at 
200  C.  Schimmel  &  Co.  (Report,  April,  1895)  have  shown  that 
the  rotation  of  orange  oil  varies  greatly  with  changes  in  temperature. 
Variations  for  each  degree 
of  temperature. 
Between  io°  and  200  C   14.5 
Between  200  and  300  C   13.2 
It  is  customary  to  report  the  rotation  of  orange  oil  at  200  C. 
It  is  not,  however,  necessary  to  determine  the  rotation  at  this  tem- 
perature, as  by  using  the  above  corrections  the  constant  may  be 
determined  at  any  temperature  between  io°  and  30 0  C. 
Owing  to  the  high  rotatory  power  of  orange  oil,  sophistications 
such  as  turpentine  and  lemon  oil  are  easily  detected.  In  doubtful 
cases  the  oil  should  be  distilled  and  the  rotation  of  the  first  10  per 
