236 
ON  SOME  PANAMA  DRUGS. 
lar  characters,  all  of  which  are,  however,  diiFerent  from  those  of 
the  caranna  in  my  possession.  Nor  has  this  latter  oleoresin  any 
resemblance  with  aracouchini,  as  stated  by  Geiger,  which,  accord- 
ing to  Aublet,  comes  from  Icica  Aracouchini,  is  yellowish,  bal- 
samic, aromatic,  liquid  like  turpentine,  and  retains  its  fluidity 
for  a  long  time. 
In  reviewing  all  these  statements  in  regard  to  the  origin  of 
caranna,  it  is  obvious  that  the  specimen  in  question  is  neither 
derived  from  Aniha  guianensis,  Aubl.,  Icica  altissima,  AubL,  or 
Bur  sera  gummifera,  Jacq.  ;  to  determine  its  origin,  I  hope  to  be 
favored  by  Mr.  Herbruger  with  all  parts  of  the  plant  necessary 
to  establish  its  identity. 
Leche  de  Sande  or  Resina  de  Sande.  When  it  first  exudes 
from  the  tree  it  is  a  thick  milky  juice,  rese7nhling  milk  of  caout- 
chouc, hut  hy  exposure  to  the  air  and  age  it  gradually  becomes 
a  solid.  It  is  extensively  used  in  this  country  as  a  plaster,  in 
enlargement  of  the  spleen,  which  it  is  said  to  cure.  This  resi- 
nous mass,  as  received,  is  a  soft  solid  of  about  the  consistence  of 
balsam  of  tolu.  Externally  it  is  nearly  black,  internally  of  a 
grayish  white,  which  exposed  to  the  atmosphere  rapidly  darkens. 
Its  odor  is  like  that  of  crude  india-rubber,  and  it  is  almost  de- 
void of  taste.  It  fuses  very  readily,  the  black  portion  floating 
on  the  surface  and  leaving,  after  congealing  the  lower  portion, 
a  uniform  dark  gray  color.  It  takes  fire  with  some  difficulty,  and 
burns  with  a  bright  luminous  flame.  It  is  devoid  of  elasticity  both 
before  and  after  fusion.  Chloroform,  ether  and  oil  of  turpentine 
readily  dissolve  the  entire  mass,  with  the  exception  of  the  black 
portion,  which  is  left  behind  in  a  finely  flocculent  form  ;  the 
filtered  solutions  are  nearly  colorless,  and  leave,  on  spontaneous 
evapor;ation,  a  yellowish  gray  mass,  separating  at  the  same  time 
some  black  flocculent  matter.  Alcohol  behaves  similar  to  the 
solvents  mentioned ;  but  the^  solution  is  eff'ected  with  more  dif- 
ficulty. The  undissolved  portion,  after  having  been  washed  upon 
the  filter  with  the  menstruum,  is  in  flocks  without  adhesiveness. 
I  a,m  not  able  to  give  its  origin. 
Cativo  de  Mangle  resembles  Venice  turpentine  ;  it  is  used  in  this 
country  for  catching  flies,  for  which  purpose  it  is  spread  on  paper, 
and  the  flies,  on  alighting,  firmly  adhere  to  it.    It  is  also  used  as 
