GLEANINGS  FROM  GERMAN  JOURNALS.  301 
quantity  of  morphia  found  in  the  ripe  capsules,  the  greater  part 
of  which  is  insoluble  in  hot  water,  but  soluble  in  dilute  acids. — 
Ihid.,  53—56. 
Oxide  of  iron  containing  cyanogen  has  been  met  with  in  com- 
merce by  H.  Reinsch  (N.  Jahrb.  f.  Pharm.  xxx,  8).  Treated 
with  sulphuric  acid,  it  yielded  with  water  a  nickel  green  solution 
from  which  Prussian  blue  separated.  The  cyanogen  must  be 
referred  to  the  use  of  either  carbonate  of  potassa,  as  it  is  some- 
times obtained  in  making  ferrocyanide  of  potassium,  or  of  car- 
bonate of  soda,  since  considerable  quantities  of  cyanide  are 
sometimes  formed  in  the  preparation  of  soda. — Ihid,^  61. 
Arrowroot — Dr.  Eberhard,  of  Blumenau,  Brazil,  found  the 
root  of  Maranta  arundinacea  to  contain  20*78  starch,  68*52 
water,  9*48  lignin,  1*22  ashes.  The  root  of  Manihot  utilissima 
(cassava  or  mandiaca)  yields  13*63  starch,  61*70  water,  23*49 
lignin,  1*18  ashes.  24  square  rods  of  ground  yield  of  the  former 
1411  and  of  the  latter  1880  lbs.  The  culture  and  exportation 
of  arrowroot  are  on  the  increase  in  the  German  colonies  in  Bra- 
zil.—81. 
Yield  of  Extracts, — Kohlmann  gives  in  Apoth.  Ztg.  the  fol- 
lowing table,  but  remarks  that  various  circumstances — locality 
of  growth,  relative  dryness  of  the  drugs,  and  manipulation,  may 
considerably  influence  the  results.  The  spirituous  extracts  were 
prepared  according  to  the  Pharm.  Germ.,  and  if  that  contains 
no  formula,  according  to  the  Prussian  or  Saxon  Pharmacopoeias  : 
Per  cent. 
Per  cent. 
Extr.  absinthii, 
18  00 
Extr.  hellebori  vir, 
15-79 
*'    aconiti  e  tuber. 
28-33 
lupuli  plv.  sic, 
13  20 
"    arnicse  flor., 
28-00 
if. 
millefolii, 
27-44 
aurautii, 
27-33 
(( 
pimpinellse, 
23-33 
"  calami, 
25-00 
u 
polygalae, 
39-16 
"    cannabis  indie, 
13-33 
(< 
rhei, 
51*72 
"    charaomillae  (matricar.), 25*00 
(( 
sabinse, 
22-22 
*'    cliinse  (cinch.), 
18-21 
sarsaparill., 
8-61 
"  colocynthid.. 
9-82 
<1 
scillae, 
66-66 
columbo, 
9-97 
secal.  corn., 
11-60 
fol.jugland., 
23-61 
strychni  (nuc.  vom.) 
mas. 
guaiaci, 
14-00 
n 
pil., 
11-33 
—Ibid.,  127. 
i( 
strychni  pulv. 
9*5 
