54 
ON  THE  CINCHONAS  OF  COMMERCE. 
lows,  as  in  the  preceding  cinchona.  Transverse  fracture,  slightly 
rose-colored,  with  fine  fibres  internally  and  suberous  externally. 
The  bitter  developes  itself  easily  and  is  persistant,  but  without  the 
slightly  aromatic  taste  peculiar  to  the  orange  yellow. 
The  internal  surface  of  the  young  barks  which  are  rolled  does 
not  differ  in  color ;  the  texture  is  finer  and  the  exterior  more  rugged, 
and  sometimes  in  ridges. 
This  is  the  cinchona  which  comes  over  in  the  smallest  quantity 
from  New  Granada.  From  12  to  14  grammes  of  sulphate  of  qui- 
nine, and  from  6  to  7  grammes  of  sulphate  of  cinchonine  may  be 
extracted  from  it.  The  same  results  are  obtained  by  tannin  and 
nut  galls  as  from  the  other  species.  The  sulphate  of  quinine  pro- 
duced from  this  cinchona  furnishes  with  greater  ease  and  quantity, 
according  to  the  experiments  of  M.  Delondre,  the  peculiar  crystal- 
ization  which  he  considers  a  special  state  of  sulphate  of  quinine. 
According  to  the  experiments  of  MM.  Delondre  and  Henri,  this 
ulphate  of  quinine  is  completely  soluble  in  60  parts  of  sulphuric 
ther  and  60  parts  of  ammonia  for  one  part,  by  the  old  process  of 
M.  Liebig.  Whereas  the  sulphate  of  quinine  proceeding  from  the 
cinchonas  calisaya,  carabaya,  and  orange  yellow  of  Mutis,  are 
completely  soluble  in  8  parts  of  ether  and  2  parts  of  ammonia, 
using  the  modification  of  the  same  process  proposed  by  MM.  Bussy 
and  Guibourt  in  the  Journal  de  Pharmacie,  December,  1852. 
One  grammeof  sulphate  of  quinine  in  these  last  conditions  was 
dissolved  in  alcohol  at  36°,  with  heat,  and  filtered,  2  grammes  of 
ammonia  were  then  added,  it  was  then  mixed  with  pure  water  until 
lactescence  was  produced  ;  crystallization  had  commenced  at  the 
close  of  thirty-six  hours,  and  had  not  become  very  distinct  for 
several  days.  The  sulphate  proceeding  from  the  yellow  and  red 
cinchonas  of  Mutis,  treated  in  the  same  manner,  furnished  this 
crystallization  after  some  hours  repose,  under  the  form  of  small  la- 
minae. 
The  difference  of  these  sulphates,  then,  consists,  according  to 
MM.  Delondre  and  Henri,  in  the  greater  or  less  promptitude  with 
which  this  peculiar  crystallisation  is  formed. 
M.  Delondre  insists  cn  these  details  because  it  was  on  the  occa- 
sion of  having  to  manufacture  a  lot  of  two  hundred  serons  of  this 
cinchona  that  the  conflict  between  quinine  and  quinidine  arose* 
which  has  been  already  mentioned. 
