326        ON  THE  MANUFACTURE  OF  TARTARIC  ACID,  ETC. 
the  chlorides  of  potassium  and  ammonium  in  the  solution  sepa- 
rated by  evaporation  and  crystallization.  The  mother- 
liquors,  containing  chlorides  of  ammonium  and  potassium, 
together  with  the  tartrate  of  lime,  are  to  be  evaporated,  and  the 
tartrate  of  lime  which  deposits  separated,  or  the  mother-liquors 
may  be  evaporated  to  dryness,  and  the  chlorides  of  potassium 
and  ammonium  be  dissolved  in  water  and  filtered.  The  tartrate 
of  lime  left,  together  with  that  previously  separated,  is  to  be 
collected,  and  may  be  decomposed  in  the  usual  manner  with  sul- 
phuric acid,  and  tartaric  acid  be  obtained  therefrom.  The 
chloride  of  ammonium  and  chloride  of  potassium  in  the  solution 
may  be  evaporated  down  and  crystallized  either  together  or  sepa- 
rately. 
Or,  instead  of  the  above  process,  the  tartrate  of  ammonia 
and  potash  may  be  decomposed  by  boiling  a  solution  of  the 
same  with  sulphate  of  lime  until  the  whole  of  the  tartrate  of 
potash  and  ammonia  is  decomposed  into  tartrate  of  lime  and 
sulphate  of  potash  and  sulphate  of  ammonia.  These  may  be  se- 
parated in  a  manner  similar  to  that  described  for  effecting  the 
separation  of  chloride  of  potassium  and  chloride  of  ammonium 
from  tartrate -of  lime.  The  tartrate  of  lime  obtained,  after 
separating  the  sulphate  of  potash  and  sulphate  of  ammonia,  may 
be  decomposed  in  the  usual  manner  by  means  of  sulphuric  acid, 
and  after  separation  from  the  resulting  sulphate  of  lime,  and  by 
evaporation  and  crystallization,  the  tartaric  acid  is  fit  for  use. 
Or,  tartrate  of  potash  and  ammonia  may  be  decomposed  by 
treating  a  solution  of  the  same,  contained  in  any  suitable  distil- 
latory apparatus,  with  carbonate  of  lime  or  hydrated  caustic 
lime,  and  in  the  proportion  of  60  parts  by  weight  of  carbonate  of 
lime,  ground,  and  made  into  a  paste  with  water,  or  30  parts  by 
weight  of  lime  slacked,  and  made  into  milk  of  lime,  or  with  36 
parts  of  sulphide  of  calcium,  or  36  parts  by  weight  of  soda  waste, 
«« oxysulphide  of  calcium,"  or  85  parts  by  weight  of  sulphide  of 
barium,  or  60  parts  by  weight  of  sulphide  of  strontium,  for  every 
188  parts  of  bitartrate  of  potash  previously  existing  in  the  crude 
argol  or  crude  tartar,  and  now  contained  in  solution  as  tartrate 
of  potash  and  ammonia.  Heat  is  to  be  applied,  and  the  volatile 
ammoniacal  products  which  distil  off  are  to  be  collected,  and  may 
be  employed  for  dissolving  and  neutralizing  an  additional  quantity 
