ON  THE  CINCHONA  BARKS-  OF  NEW  GRANADA.  361 
ent  species  grow  by  each  other,  so  that  these  specific  names  taken 
from  localities  are  worse  than  none,  for  they  confuse  instead  of 
clear  up  the  subject.  This  Cinchona  bark  is  but  a  variety  of  the 
China  flava  dura, 
4.  China  Bogotensis.  From  Fusagasugd,  eight  leagues  from 
Bogota.    Of  the  whole  number  of  specimens  that  I  obtained,  this 
-  is  the  only  one  which  has  been  recognized  as  the  Bogota  bark, 
which  has  given  rise  to  so  many  contradictory  views  with  respect 
to  the  bases  which  it  contains. 
5.  China  ruhiginosa.    Found  ten  leagues  from  Bogota. 
6.  China  ruhiginosa.  From  El  Acerradero,  also  ten  leagues 
distant.  Having  these  two  specimens,  I  am  able  to  give  the  lo- 
cality of  this  bark,  until  now  unknown.  We  can  therefore  say 
with  certainty,  that  it  comes  from  New  Granada,  and  that  M. 
Von  Bergen  was  right  when  he  asserted  that  this  bark  was  ex- 
ported thence,  although  it  can  also  be  said  that  the  same  species 
has  come  from  and  is  produced  at  Cusco,  in  Peru. 
The  chemical  constitution  has  been  but  little  studied  I  from  an 
imperfect  analysis  it  appears  to  contain — according  to  Franck — 
in  100  pounds,  forty-eight  to  fifty  ounces  of  cinchonine.  The 
large  quantity  of  cinchonine  here  found  is  improbable. 
7.  China  ruhiginosa.  From  New  Granada,  exact  locality  un- 
known. 
Sulphate  of  Quinine  of  the  Tequendama  Manufactory.  It  is 
very  white,  porous,  and  crystallized  in  small  needles,  the  planes 
of  which  possess  a  vitreous  lustre.  By  the  well  known  test  with 
ammonia  and  sulphuric  ether,  the  solution  of  the  salt  was  so  com- 
plete, that  the  very  small  quantity  that  remained  between  the  two 
liquids  was  only  extraneous  matter.  The  ethereal  solution  was 
allowed  to  evaporate,  and  it  left  only  a  residue  of  amorphous 
quinine,  with  no  traces  of  crystals,  which  well  proves  the  absence 
of  quinidine.  By  this  test  then,  we  have  to  consider  the  sulphate 
of  quinine  manufactured  in  New  Granada  as  on  a  parallel  with 
similar  European  preparations. 
Resumh  We  find  from  what  precedes,  or  at  least  we  have 
good  reason  to  suppose,  that  the  seeming  contradictions  which 
have  been  published  about  the  Cinchona  bark  of  Bogota  and  of 
its  chemical  constitution,  are  easily  accounted  for  by  considering 
the  varieties  of  bark  coming  into  commerce  under  the  same  name 
