IODINE  IN  MINEKALS,  PLANTS  AND  ANIMALS. 
439 
ing  to  Sarphati ;  sphserococcus  helminthocorton,  according  to 
Straub,  Happ  and  Gaultier  ;  in  ulva  linza,  pavonia,  according  to 
Sarphati,  EC.  Davy  and  Balard.  Meyer  found  the  per  centage 
of  iodine  in 
Ulva  umbilicalis     .       2       .  0-0590 
«  lactuca         .       .  0-0550 
Zostera  marina      .       .      .  0-0005 
It  had  long  been  known  that  the  ash  of  fuci  and  other  marine 
plants,  as  well  as  the  varec  of  Brittany  and  the  kelp  of  Scotland, 
according  to  Courtois  and  Fyfe,  contain  a  quantity  of  iodine  by 
no  means  inconsiderable,  while  the  ash  of  salsola  and  other  land 
plants,  as  well  as  the  Spanish  barilla  and  the  Roman  and  Sicilian 
soda,  contain,  according  to  Fyfe  and  H.  Davy,  little  or  no  iodine. 
Duvault  is  of  opinion  that  the  iodine  of  marine  plants  exists  in 
the  form  of  iodide  of  potassium.  The  presence,  according  to 
Dickie,  of  iodine  in  lichen  confinis,  statice  armeria,  and  grimmia 
maritima,  growing  upon  rocks  to  which  the  wind  sometimes  carry 
sea  water,  and  its  absence  in  remelina  seopulorum,  growing  in 
the  same  place,  is  curious. 
Iodine  has  likewise  been  found  in  junger mania  albitans,  byW. 
v.  der  Marck  ;  in  j.  pinguis,  in  conferva?  and  oscillarice,  especially 
o.  grateloapi,  by  Meyrac ;  in  armeria  maritima,  when  growing 
near  the  sea,  by  Volcker :  in  nasturtium  officinale,  by  Muller. 
Fyfe,  Sarphati  and  Dickie,  did  not  find  iodine  in  salsola  kali, 
plantago  maritima  and  nicotiana  tabacum,  which  grew  near  the 
sea.  It  was  found  by  Busse  in  muscus  corallinus  ;  by  Kighini  in 
asplenium  trichomones,  aspidium  capillus  veneris ;  by  Straub,  in 
the  turf  of  Hofwyl ;  by  Guillermond  in  sarsaparilla  root.  Iodine 
was  long  since  detected  in  the  potash  of  commerce,  and  more 
recently  Lamy  and  Fehling  found  it  in  the  potash  obtained  from 
the  molasses  of  the  beet-sugar  factory  at  Waghiiusel,  and  their 
observation  has  since  been  confirmed  by  many.  Lamy  also  found 
iodine  in  the  beet  of  Waghausel,  but  not  in  the  raw  or  refined 
sugar,  nor  any  trace  of  it  in  the  beet  or  potash  from  a  factory 
near  Valenciennes. 
A.  Overbeck  found  iodine  in  the  ash  of  several  ranunculacew, 
r.  flammula,  ficaria  ranunculoides. 
It  has  been  found  by  Gaultier,  Fyfe,  Straub,  Gobel,  Stratingh, 
in  sponge,  and  in  the  following  marine  animals — in  spongia  ocu- 
