PHARMACEUTICAL  NOTES  OF  TRAVEL. 
3 
tion  of  sp.  gr.,  the  preparation  of  test  acid  and  alkaline  solutions, 
alkalimetry,  acidimetry  and  chlorimetry. 
The  third  series  includes  pneumatic  operations  ;  a  fourth,  the 
purification  and  concentration  of  the  inorganic  acids,  &c;  a  fifth, 
experiments  on  sugars,  starches  and  gums  and  some  of  their  deri- 
vatives ;  a  sixth  series  includes  the  preparation  of  various  pig- 
ments; a  seventh,  vegetable  extracts,  infusions  and  some  of  their 
constituents,  such  as  tannic  and  gallic  acids;  an  eighth,  alcohol 
and  some  of  its  derivatives  and  combinations,  as  ethers,  &c;  a 
ninth,  fatty  acids,  glycerin  and  a  number  of  difficult  phar- 
maceutical products  ;  a  tenth  series  includes  the  alkaloids  and 
some  other  organic  principles  and  products.  The  analytical  course 
embraces  systematic  analysis  and  toxicological  operations. 
The  whole  occupies  five  months,  and  costs  the  student  151.  15s., 
or  about  $80 ;  he  may,  however,  enter  upon  a  portion  only 
of  the  course  at  an  expense  of  61.  6s.,  a  little  over  $30,  per 
month. 
A  course  of  oral  instruction,  by  lectures  on  chemistry  and 
pharmacy,  proceeds  simultaneously  with  the  practical  course, 
the  whole  being  under  the  direction  of  Professor  Redwood, 
whose  reputation  is  a  guarantee  of  the  completeness  of  the  in- 
struction. 
I  enjoyed  an  opportunity  of  hearing  this  distinguished  teacher 
lecture  before  his  class.  The  subject  was  alkaloids  ;  those  derived 
from  plants  were  classified  upon  the  black  board,  with  reference  to 
their  Botanical  origin.  Aricine  was  mentioned  among  those  ex- 
isting in  Cinchonacese.  The  termination  in  ine  is  preferred  by 
Prof.  R.  in  designating  the  alkaloids,  instead  of  ia  which  has  be- 
come almost  universal  with  us.  The  New  Granada  barks  were 
said  to  be  almost  exclusively  used  in  England  in  the  manufacture 
of  the  cinchona  alkaloids. 
The  process  for  morphia  sounded  strangely  to  our  American 
ears,  so  entirely  accustomed  to  the  precipitation  of  the  infusion 
of  opium  by  ammonia,  with  alcohol  to  hold  up  the  coloring  mat- 
ter, and  the  subsequent  crystallization  from  alcohol.  The  English 
process  as  recommended  by  Prof.  Redwood  produces  the  muriate,, 
which  in  England  is  the  principal  salt,  by  treating  the  opium  with 
water  acidulated  with  muriatic  acid,  concentrating,  filtering  and 
precipitating  with  ammonia  ;  the  precipitate  after  washing  is  again 
