AmMay^'Sarm'}    Reviews  and  Bibliographical  Notices.  271 
Report  of  the  Pennsylvania  State  College  for  the  year  1887.    Part  II.  Agricul- 
tural Experiment  Station.    Pp,  226. 
The  printing  of  the  report  which  is  dated  January  30,  1888,  was  delayed. 
The  experiments  were  conducted  by  Prof.  Wm.  Frear,  and  later  by  Prof. 
H.  P.  Armsby. 
Second  Biennial  Report  of  the  California  State  Board  of  Forestry  for  the  years 
1887-88.    8vo.5  pp.  182. 
A  very  interesting  document,  the  greater  portion  of  which  consists  of  an 
account  of  the  pines  (Pinus)  indigenous  to  California.  Besides  a  number 
of  county  maps  showing  the  extent  of  forests  and  kind  of  timber,  the  report 
contains  many  photographic  plates  of  the  different  species  of  Pinus, 
and  of  their  leaves  and  cones. 
Der  Kohlensaure-Gehalt  der  Luft  in  Dorpat  bestimmt  in  den  Monaten  Juni 
bis  September,  1888.    Von  Jacob  Heimann. 
The  amount  of  carbonic  acid  in  the  atmosphere  of  Dorpat  determined 
during  the  months  of  June  to  September,  1888. 
Studien  iiber  dem  gerichtlich-chemischen  Nachiveis  von  Blut.    Von  Adolph 
Klein. 
Investigations  on  the  forensic  chemical  determination  of  blood. 
Untersuchungen  uber  das  Verhalten  der  Fette  zu  Zuckersolutionen.    Von  Theo. 
Pacht. 
Researches  on  the  behavior  of  fats  to  solutions  of  sugar. 
The  above  three  pamphlets  are  inaugural  essays,  and  describe  experimen- 
tal investigations  carried  out  in  the  laboratory  of  Prof.  Dragendorff.  Of 
especial  pharmaceutical  interest  is  the  last  mentioned  dissertation  on  fats 
and  sugars.  From  observations,  Prof.  Dragendorff  had  been  led  to  regard 
certain  sugars  as  being  capable  of  rendering  fats  soluble  in  aqueous  liquids. 
This  is  corroborated  by  the  experiments  of  Dr.  Pacht,  which  show  that  ani- 
mal oils,  as  a  class,  are  less  soluble  than  vegetable  oils,  and  among  these  the 
drying  oils  are  more  soluble.  The  solution  in  water  is  not  promoted  by 
sparingly  soluble  carbohydrates.  Of  the  sugars,  those  only  which  emul- 
sionize  fats  will  also  render  them  soluble  in  water.  The  saccharoses,  more 
particularly  cane  sugar  and  maltose,  have  a  greater  solvent  power  than  the 
glycoses.  The  solubility  of  fats  varies  considerably.  Concentrated  sugar 
solution  dissolved  nearly  2  per  cent,  of  almond  oil,  but  only  0*63  percent,  of 
olive  oil.  On  adding  a  little  oleic  acid  to  the  latter  it  was  more  readily 
emulsionized  by  the  syrup,  and  probably  more  of  it  was  dissolved.  Linseed 
oil  dissolved  to  the  extent  of  about  4'5  per  cent.  Clear  solutions  in  hot  syrup 
usually  become  turbid  on  cooling,  and  on  being  diluted  with  water  most  of 
the  fat  is  separated. 
