554  Notes  on  Some  Indigenous  Remedies.  {Am^oZ'Ss9&Tm 
the  species  have  been  naturalized  here,  it  becomes  of  interest  to  learn 
whether  some  indigenous  plants  are  known  in  some  parts  of  Georgia 
by  names  similar  to  those  used  for  the  above  officinal  drugs,  or  are 
similar  in  appearance  to  the  plants  yielding  the  latter.  The  roots  of 
indigenous  blue-flowering  species  of  Gentiana  are  used  as  substitutes 
for  the  officinal  drug;  but  of  the  seven  southern  species,  not  one  has 
yellow  flowers,  like  the  officinal  plant  •  the  nearest  approach  in  color 
is  G.  ochroleuca,  Froelich,  which  has  yellowish  white  or  greenish  white 
flowers.  Both  this  and  some  of  the  blue-flowering  species  are  some- 
times known  as  Sampson  snake  root. 
None  of  the  three  menispermaceae  of  the  Southern  States  has 
roots  approaching  in  size  those  of  the  pharmacopoeial  calumba.  The 
reference  in  the  above  paper,  very  likely,  applies  to  the  so-called 
American  columbo,  Frasera  Walteri,  Michaux,  s.  F.  carolinensis, 
Walter. 
In  the  place  of  the  officinal  frangula  it  is  not  unlikely  that  the 
Carolina  buckthorn  may  be  used  to  some  extent  in  Georgia.  Prof. 
Porcher  (Resources  of  the  Southern  Fields  and  Forests)  states  that 
according  to  Mills  a  purgative  syrup  is  prepared  from  the  berries  of 
Rhainnus  (Frangula,  Gray,)  caroliniana,  Walter.  Possibly  the  bark 
of  the  same  species  may  be  used  in  some  localities  as  a  substitute  for 
frangula  bark  or  cascara  sagrada.  The  shrub  grows  westward  as  far 
as  the  Rocky  Mountains. 
Aside  from  the  non-prickly  species  of  Solanum  with  entire  leaves, 
the  only  southern  solanacea  having  some  resemblance  to  belladonna 
seems  to  be  Nicandra  (Atropa,  Linne1,)  physaloides,  Gmrtner,  an  emi- 
grant from  Peru,  where  the  berries  enjoy  the  reputation  of  being 
diuretic  and  antilithic ;  the  fruit  is  known  as  apple  of  Peru.  But  the 
leaves,  though  smooth,  differ  from  belladonna  leaves  by  being  of  a 
lighter  color,  and  by  having  the  margin  toothed  or  sinuately  lobed,  so 
as  to  resemble  stramonium  leaves ;  hence  Lamarck's  name  for  the 
plant,  Physalis  daturcefolia. 
While  it  is  evident  that  the  reference  in  Mr.  Gregory's  paper  must 
apply  to  four  plants  different  from  the  officinal  ones,  among  the  in- 
digenous plants  used  for  tinctures  a  garden  plant  is  mentioned,  Calen- 
dula officinalis,  Linne,  which  does  not  appear  to  have  established  itself 
in  this  country  sufficiently  as  to  deserve  a  place  in  botanical  works ; 
Chapman,  in  his  new  edition  of  "  Flora  of  the  Southern  United 
States/'  does  not  mention  the  plant. 
