AmDe°cU,ri8^arm'}     Botany  Bay  or  Eucalyptus  Kino.  ,  627 
as  red,  white,  blue  and  by  other  adjectives.  The  adjective  is  in  one  dis- 
trict employed  to  describe  the  leaves,  in  another  the  bark,  and  so  on. 
Thus  a  "  white  gum  "  may  be  intended  to  denote  a  tree  with  white 
leaves,  white  bark,  etc.  The  variations  in  some  trees  in  different 
localities,  due  to  climate,  soil  and  similar  causes,  are  sufficient  to  ren- 
der terms  like  u  white  gum,"  etc.,  which  may  in  some  way  describe  a 
species  in  one  district,  totally  inapplicable  in  another. 
Classification  of  Eucalyptus  Kinos. — Eucalyptus  kinos  can  be  very 
simply  classified  according  to  their  behavior  with  alcohol  or  water.  In 
all  cases  the  writer  made  the  tinctures  of  the  strength  of  tinct.  kino, 
B.  P.  The  kinos  experimented  upon  by  the  writer  fall  into  three 
groups,  which  he  has  called,  the  Ruby  group,  the  Gummy  group,  and 
the  Turpid  group  respectively.  • 
a.  Ruby  Group: — 
E.  amygdalina,  Labill.  E.  piperita,  Sm. 
E.  eugenioides,  Sieb.  E.  Sieberiana,  F.  v.  M.(syn.  E.  virgata, 
E.  hwmastoma,  Sm.  E.  stellulata,  Sieb.  [Sieb.). 
E.  macrorrhyncha,  F.  v.  M.     E.  melliodora,  A.  Cunn. 
E.  pilularis,  Sm.  E.  obliqua,  L'Her. 
In  the  preparation  of  a  tincture  all  the  above  kinos  tend  to  dissolve 
entirely,  forming  clear  ruby  solutions  of  approximately  the  same  tint. 
They  also  form  clear  ruby  solutions  to  cold  water,  hardly  differing  in 
appearance  from  the  tinctures.  The  aqueous  solution  of  the  alcoholic 
extract  is  similar  in  appearance.  Members  of  this  group  are  not  very 
friable,  breaking  down  into  clean  angular  fragments,  and  never  form- 
ing an  impalpable  powder.  If  acetate  of  lead  or  of  copper  be  added 
to  a  moderately  strong  solution  of  these  kinos,  so  strongly  gelatinous 
a  precipitate  will  be  formed  that  the  test-tube  may  be  inverted  with- 
out any  liquid  spilling.  This  distinguishes  them,  in  one  respect,  from 
the  Turbid  Group. 
At  present  I  know  of  no  constant  characteristics  to  aid  in  further 
sub-dividing  this  group.  The  stringy  barks  (E.  obliqua,  macrorr- 
hyncha, etc.)  may  often  be  distinguished  (as  a  group)  by  means  of 
fibrous  bark  either  attaching  to  individual  fragments  of  kino,  or  loose 
with  a  parcel  of  it,  but  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  many  other  spe- 
cies (e.  g.,  piperita)  have  more  or  less  stringy  bark. 
b.  Gummy  Group  : — 
E.  leucoxylon,  F.  v.  M.    E.  resinifera,  Sm.    E.  saligna,  Sm. 
E.  paniculata,  Sm.  E.  robusta,  Sm.      E.  siderophloia,  Benth. 
