68 
Cinchona  Alkaloids  and 
(  Am.  Jour.  Pharm^ 
(      Feb.,  1881. 
acid,  20  parts ;  potassium  bicarbonate,  30  parts,  or  monocarbonate,  20 
parts;  boric  acid,  18  parts. 
b.  Potassium  Dihorocitrate. — Citric  acid,  20  parts ;  potassium  bicar- 
bonate, 20  parts,  or  monocarbonate,  14  parts;  boric  acid,  12  parts. 
c.  Potassium  3fonoborocitrate. — Citric  acid,  20  parts;  potassium 
bicarbonate,  10  parts,  or  monocarbonate,  7  parts;  boric  acid,  6  parts. 
Iron  Borocitrates. — Numerous  experiments  and  analyses  show 
that  the  salts  of  the  heavy  metals  are  wanting  in  the  power  to  combine 
chemically  citric  and  boric  acids;  permanent  compounds  of  constant 
composition  exist  only  in  double  compounds  with  the  fixed  alkalies. 
The  iron  preparation  was  made  by  dissolving  freshly  precipitated 
oxyhydrate  of  iron  in  the  acid  borocitrates.  The  amount  of  iron  oxide 
taken  up  amounted  in  the  dihorocitrate  of  sodium  and  iron  oxide  to- 
almost  8  per  cent.,  and  in  the  monoborocitrate  to  over  16  per  cent. — 
Pharm.  Jour,  and  Trans.,  Nov.  13,  1880. 
BEHAVIOR  OF  THE  CINCHONA  ALKALOIDS  WITH 
POTASSIUM  PERMANGANATE. 
By  S.  Hoogewerff  and  W.  A.  v.  Dorp. 
Quinia,  cinchonia,  quinidia  and  cinchonidia,  when  oxidized  by  per- 
manganate, yield  tricarbopyridinic  acid  together  with  ammonia,  oxalic 
and  carbonic  acids,  and  some  other  products  which  need  further  exami- 
nation. A  dicarboxylic  acid,  identical  with  WeideFs  cinchomeronic 
acid,  is  easily  obtained  from  the  tricarboxylic  acid.  A  monocarboxylic 
acid  has  also  been  prepared,  but  not  fully  investigated. 
Preparation  of  TricarbopyridiniG  Acid. — The  alkaloids  or  their  sul- 
phates are  mixed  with  potash  solution  and  heated  to  boiling  in  a  flask 
in  a  calcium  chloride  bath.  The  permanganate  is  added  in  small 
quantities  until  the  red  color  imparted  by  it  remains  permanent  after 
an  hour's  beiling. 
After  addition  of  nitric  acid  and  concentration  of  the  solution  the 
potassium  is  removed  by  crystallization  as  potassium  nitrate.  Barium 
nitrate  is  then  added  as  long  as  a  precipitate  is  formed.  This  precipitate, 
consisting  of  barium  oxalate  and  tricarbopyridinate,  is  decomposed  by 
sulphuric  acid. 
Tricarbopyridinic  acid  forms  transparent  tabular  crystals,  which 
appear  greenish  by  reflected  light,  and  exhibit  a  strong  play  of  colors. 
