^™ ^''"'■■i^l?™-  \     Researches  on  the  Cinchona  Alkaloids,  109 
Mar.,  1881.  j 
crumb-like  masses,  furnishing  a  white  powder.  Apoquinia  is  perfectly 
amorphous,  has  a  bitter  taste  and  alkaline  reaction;  it  dissolves  readily 
in  ether,  chloroform  and  alcohol,  also  to  some  extent  in  cold,  and  more 
readily  in  hot  water;  ammonia  and  caustic  soda  dissolve  it  quite 
readily  when  freshly  precipitated,  but  with  difficulty  when  air-dry.  It 
melts  at  160°C.  (uncorr.),  and  acquires  a  brown  color.  With  sulphuric 
acid  in  acid  solution  apoquinia  shows  no  fluorescence,  but  its  alcoholic 
solution  still  gives,  upon  the  addition  of  chlorine  and  an  excess  of 
ammonia,  a  feeble  greenish-yellow  coloration.  The  rotation  of  the 
anhydrous  alkaloid,  or  dried  at  100°C.,  in  alcohol,  was  found  to  be 
—178-1°,  and  in  water  with  3  HCl,  —246-6°.  The  airdry  alkaloid 
contains  2  H2O,  a  small  portion  of  which  is  lost  in  dry  air.  Apo- 
quinia neutralizes  the  acids  completely,  although  the  salts  appear  to 
have  little  inclination  to  crystallize.  The  following  were  more  closely 
examined : 
The  Neutral  and  Acid  Hydi'ochlorates  dissolve  readily  in  water  and 
alcohol,  and  are  obtained  by  the  evaporation  of  these  solutions  as 
amorphous  residues. 
Neutral  Tartrate. — If  the  aqueous  solution  of  the  neutral  hydro- 
chlorate  be  mixed  with  a  little  Rochelle  salt  no  precipitate  is  formed, 
but  after  the  addition  of  a  considerable  amount  of  the  latter  salt  a 
cloudiness  appears,  and  the  apoquinia  tartrate  separates  as  an  oily  mass, 
readily  soluble  in  cold  water. 
The  Chloroplatinate  is  a  yellow  flocculent  precipitate,  readily  solu- 
ble in  dilute  hydrochloric  acid,  but  slightly  soluble  in  cold  water.  The 
gold  salt  was  obtained  as  a  reddish-yellow  resinous  mass,  which  was 
not  further  examined. 
Apoquinidia  {Apoconquinia),  C19H22N2O2,  resembles  apoquinia  per- 
fectly in  appearance  and  composition,  but  it  is  exceedingly  difficult  to 
obtain  a  perfectly  uneffloresced  hydrate.  It  is  a  white  amorphous 
powder,  readily  soluble  in  alcohol  and  ether,  possesses  an  alkaline 
reaction  and  gives,  in  its  alcoholic  solution  with  chlorine  and  ammonia^ 
a  green  coloration ;  its  solution  in  sulphuric  acid  shows  no  fluorescence. 
It  deviates  the  plane  of  polarized  light  to  the  right,  in  alcohol  + 
155-3°,  and  in  water  with  3  HCl  +216-5°.  Apoquinidia  is  precipi- 
tated by  ammonia  or  soda  in  white  voluminous  flakes,  difficultly  solu- 
ble in  an  excess  of  these  bases;  the  alkaloid  deprived  of  water,  bv 
drying  at  120°C.,  melts  at  137°C.  (uncorr.)  The  neutral  hydrochlo- 
raie  crystallizes  in  needles,  and  is  readily  soluble  in  Avater  and  hydro- 
