120 
Chemical  Notes. 
( Am.  Jour  Pharrc. 
X      Mar.,  1881. 
equal  to  that  of  chloroform.  Details  of  experiments  upon  frogs,  rab- 
bits and  dogs  were  given.  The  speaker  had  also  personally  tried  its 
influence.  The  second  anaesthetic  is  monochlorethylen  chloride, 
CHoCl — CHCI2,  and  is  even  more  satisfactory  in  its  effects  than  the 
first  mentioned.  Both  of  these  ansesthetics  effect  the  pulse  and  respira- 
tion much  less  than  chloroform,  and  the  second  compound  especially  is 
to  be  commended  for  surgical  use. — Ibid,  p.  9. 
On  the  Disinfecting  Action  of  a  Mixture  of  Phenol  and  Bleaching 
Powder  and  the  Character  of  the  Chloro2:>henols  Produced. — Mr. 
Dianin,  as  reported  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Russian  naturalists, 
held  at  St.  Petersburg,  Jan.  1880,  found  that  on  mixing  solutions  of 
phenol  and  "  chloride  of  lime  "  a  reaction  at  once  set  in  and  the  chief 
product  was  trichlorphenol.  This  compound  was  also  found  to  arrest 
fermentation  in  a  much  greater  degree  than  phenol  itself,  and  the  mix- 
ture above  mentioned  was  therefore  recommended  by  him  as  much 
better  suited  for  application  to  sloughing  wounds  than  phenol  itself. 
The  matter  has  since  been  more  thorougly  studied  by  C.  O.  Cecil. 
He  prepared  the  chlorophenols  by  the  direct  action  of  chlorine  upon 
phenol.  The  crude  product  was  a  blood-red  crystalline  mass  of  strong 
odor  and  burning  taste,  easily  soluble  in  ether  and  is  much  less  caustic 
even  in  this  condition  than  carbolic  acid.  By  repeated  pressings  of  the 
crystalline  mass  between  filter  paper  it  is  gotten  in  lustrous  white  crys- 
tals, soluble  in  ether  and  precipitable  from  alcoholic  solution  by  addi- 
tion of  water  in  the  form  of  white  flakes.  The  alcoholic  solution  can 
be  used  very  conveniently  for  saturating  bandages  for  direct  application 
to  wounds. — Ber.  der  Chem.  Ges.,  xiii,  p.  2403,  and  Chem.  CentralbL, 
Jan.  5,  1881,  p.  8. 
0)1  ike  Identity  of  Arabl)iose  and  Lactose. — H.  Kiliaiii  has  made  a 
careful  study  of  the  arabiiiose  of  gum  arable,  and  proves  the  identity  of 
it  with  lactost  or  milk-sugar.  For  its  extraction  1  part  of  pure  gum 
arable  was  boiled  for  some  18  hours  with  8  parts  of  2  per  cent,  sul- 
phuric acid,  replacing  the  evaporated  water  from  time  to  time.  The 
liquid,  after  neutralization  with  barium  hydrate  and  filtration  from  the 
separated  barium  sulphate,  was  evaporated  to  syrupy  consistence  and 
then  extracted  with  90  per  cent,  alcohol  as  long  as  anything  was  taken 
up.  This  alcoholic  solution  af  evaporation  yielded  a  reddish  colored 
syrup,  which  was  placed  over  sulphuric  acid  and  allowed  to  crystallize. 
The  crystals,  when  purified  by  repeated  crystallization  out  of  alcohol, 
were  quite  difficultly  soluble  in  the  menstruum.    Kiliani  finds  that  the 
