Am.  Jour.  Pharm. ) 
Sept.,  1881.  J 
Gleanings  in  Materia  Medica. 
439 
soluble  in  acidulated  water,  ether  and  alcohol,  the  hydrochlorate  very 
deliquescent. 
In  1,000  grams  of  the  root  bark  were  found  volatile  oil  1*727,  lon- 
chocarpina  0*718,  lonchocarpic  acid  1*285,  fatty  acid  of  musk  odor 
11*500,  wax  0*171,  bitter  principle  1*794,  a  resin  7*967,  /9  resin  of 
musk  odor  4*578,  y  resin  crystalline  2*000,  a  resin  acid  of  faint  musk 
odor  2*100,  /9  resin  inodorous  2*106,  extractive  of  musk  odor  0*206, 
albumen  21*484,  starch  45*312,  saccharine  extractive  29*023,  tartaric 
and  malic  acids  and  salts  2*182,  dextrin,  inorganic  salts,  etc.  28*212, 
moisture  725*399,  cellulose  112*236  grams. 
Chernowitz  and  Langgaard  have  erroneously  stated  this  bark  to  be 
derived  from  Paullinia  and  Serjania.  The  bark  is  used  in  Brazil  only 
externally  in  hepatic  affections,  splenitis,  furuncle,  etc.,  in  the  form  of 
cataplasm  prepared  from  a  decoction  of  30  grams  to  500  grams  of 
water  thickened  with  manihot  starch.    Also  in  the  following  forms : 
Gleam  lonehocarpi. — Timbo  bark  10  grams,  stronger  alcohol  10 
grams,  groundnut  oil  40  grams.    Digest  and  filter. 
Tinctura  lonehocarpi. — Timbo  bark  1  p.,  stronger  alcohol  5  p. 
TJnguentum  lonehocarpi. — Alcoholic  extract  of  timbo  10  grams, 
tincture  of  timbo  5  grams,  lard  70  grams. 
Emplastrum  lonehocarpi. — Beeswax  30  grams.  Burgundy  pitch  and 
Venice  turpentine  each  10  grams,  cocoanut  oil  30  grams.  Melt 
together  and  add  alcoholic  extract  of  timbo  and  powdered  timbo  bark 
each' 15  grams. — Zeitschr.  Gest.  Apoth.  Ver.,  Nos.  13,  14. 
Botanical  Sources  of  Tonga. — This  remedy  has  been  introduced 
from  the  Fejee  Islands,  where  it  is  highly  valued  in  neuralgia.  From 
specimens  sent  by  Mr.  R.  L.  Holmes  and  identified  by  Baron  Von 
Mueller,  it  appears  to  consist  of  two  plants.  One,  called  by  the 
natives  "aro,^^  is  Premna  taitensis,  D.  C,  nat.  ord.  Verbenacese.  In 
open,  dry  places  it  remains  shrubby  and  flowers  while  quite  small,  but 
near  w^ater  courses  it  becomes  a  tall  tree,  the  timber  of  which  is  used 
in  building,  the  inner  bark  being  the  part  used  medicinally.  The 
other  plant,  known  as  "  nai  yalu  "  or  "  walu,'^  is  Raphiodophora  viti- 
ensis,  Seemann,  nat.  ord.  Aracese.  It  is  a  creeper,  with  the  stem  of  the 
size  of  a  quill,  growing  freely  in  sheltered  places,  climbing  over 
stones  and  up  on  trees,  when  the  stem  becomes  thicker,  acquiring  an 
inch  or  more  in  diameter.  The  scraped  stems  of  this  plant  form  the 
second  ingredient  in  tonga.  —  Gardeners^  Chronicle. 
Zygadenus  paniculatus,  Watso7i. — Mr.  E.  Jones,  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
