\ 
^""'ocT^^issT™^* }    International  Pharmaceutical  Congress.  527 
chemical,  and  has  also  to  make  toxicological  analyses,  and  to  detect  adul- 
terations of  medicines.  After  that  he  must  make  microscoi:>ical  examina- 
tions and  general  analyses.  As  to  the  rights  and  privileges  of  pharmacists, 
there  are  no  limitations  on  their  nuniber,  and  he  may  sell  anything  he 
likes  without  the  prescription  of  a  doctor,  even  poisons,  on  taking  certain 
precautions.  He  has  the  exclusive  right  to  sell  all  medicines,  but,  as  in 
France,  certain  articles — even  poisons — used  in  the  arts  are  sold  by  others. 
A  doctor  is  not  allowed  to  sell  any  drugs,  but  he  may  deliver  medicines  to 
Jiis  own  patients,  but  must  not  keep  an  open  shop.  It  is  only  in  country 
districts,  where  it  is  not  possible  for  a  pharmacist  to  live,  that  mfedical  men 
dispense  their  own  medicines. 
Brief  remarks  were  also  made  on  the  condition  of  pharmacy  in  Den- 
mark, Austria  and  Hungary,  and  on  the  desirability  of  still  further  rais- 
ing the  standard  of  requirements.  The  following  resolution  was  ofJered 
by  Mr.  Petit,  of  Paris  : 
"It  is  desirable  that  in  all  countries  the  literary  studies  required  from 
the  pharmaceutical  chemist  be  the  same  as  those  required  to  obtain  the 
diploma  of  a  doctor  of  medicine." 
After  a  recess  for  luncheon,  Mr.  Petit's  motion  was  ordered  to  be  placed 
on  the  minutes  to  be  considered  in  future  years. 
Mr.  G.  F.  Schacht  addressed  the  Congress  at  some  length  on  the  state  of 
pharmacy  in  Great  Britain,  after  which  a  paper  by  Mr.  T.  Barclay,  of 
Birmingham,  was  read  on  The  Belation  of  Pharmacists  to  the  Medical  Fro- 
fession  and  the  Public. 
The  pajDer  is  not  adapted  for  condensation.  A  short  communication  on 
the  same  subject,  by  Mr.  Chr.  Brunnengraber,  Rostock,  is  as  follows: 
"  In  order  to  take  up  a  free  and  independent  position  in  all  respects  the 
pharmacist  must  acquire  tiie  confidence  of  tlie  public  as  well  as  of  physi- 
cians by  observing  the  strictest  fitting  limitations  in  carrying  on  his  busi- 
ness and  also  by  evincing  scientific  and  practical  skill  in  its  conduct.  In 
particular  he  has  to  abstain  from  the  public  recommendation  of  secret 
remedies,  patent  medicines  and  specialities,  and  from  the  practice  of  med- 
icine. 
"  But  the  practice  of  medicine  from  the  pharmacist's  point  of  view  is  to 
be  regarded  in  such  a  light  that,  while  the  pharmacist  may  continue  to 
supply  the  public  when  required  with  different  remedies,  he  is  not  justified 
in  attempting  to  ascertain,  by  questioning,  the  ailment  of  the  individual 
seeking  his  aid,  and  thereupon  prescribing  a  remedy." 
The  following  papers  had  been  prepared,  but  could  not  be  read  for  want 
of  time: 
Which  Kinds  of  Cinchona  Bark  should  be  used  in  Pharmacy?  By  E. 
M.  Holmes,  London. 
Two  other  communications  on  the  same  subject.  By  W.  de  Neufville, 
London,  and  —  Rijk,  Amsterdam. 
Conservation  des  Substances  Seches.    Par  L.  Corn61is,  Diest. 
Medico-Pharmaceutical  Specialties.    By  F.  Eder,  Brunn. 
Note  sur  la  Mousse  de  Corse  des  Pharmaciens.  Par  Felix  Bignone, 
Genoa. 
Note  on  Some  Indian  Remedies.    By  Kanny  Loll  Dey,  Calcutta. 
