"^^Nov^^ssi^™'}  Pharmaceutical  Colleges  and  Associations.  585 
PHARMACEUTICAL  COLLEGES  AND  ASSOCIATIONS. 
The  Colleges  of  Pharmacy  have  opened  their  annual  course  of 
instruction  during  the  last  week  of  September  and  in  the  beginning  of 
October.  As  far  as  heard  from,  the  attendance  during  the  i^resent  year 
shows  an  increase;  thus  at  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy  218 
students  have  matriculated  for  the  junior  course.  It  is  gratifying  to  note 
that  the  importance  of  laboratory  instruction  is  being  appreciated  more 
fully  every  year.  Several  colleges  have  made  such  a  course  obligatory 
uj)on  its  students,  and  the  subject  will  be  thoroughly  discussed  by  the  dif- 
ferent colleges,  and  next  year  by  the  conference  of  schools  of  pharmacy. 
Both  the  chemical  and  pharmaceutical  laboratories  of  the  Philadelphia 
College  are  well  filled  with  students,  and  the  increased  facilities,  provided 
during  the  past  summer,  have  been  proved  to  have  been  made  in  good 
time. 
The  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  has  already  taken  action  upon  the 
thesis  to  be  presented  by  each  applicant  for  graduation,  and  these  essays, 
will  hereafter  be  rated  in  the  final  examination. 
The  faculties  at  the  different  colleges  of  pharmacy  remain  as  heretofore^ 
with  the  exception  of  the  Louisville  College  of  Pharmacy,  where  Professor 
Diehl  has  resigned  the  chair  of  pharmacy,  in  consequence  of  other  duties 
requiring  his  attention,  and  Prof.  V.  Davis  has  been  elected  to  fill  the 
vacancy.  The  withdrawal  of  Prof.  Maisch  from  the  superintendency  of 
the  chemical  laboratory  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy,  and  the 
appointment  of  Professor  Fred.  B.  Power,  has  been  noticed  before. 
Cincinnati  College  of  Pharmacy.— At  the  meeting  held  Wednes- 
day, Aug.  10th,  the  following  members  were  duly  elected  to  serve  for  the 
ensuing  term  in  the  Board  of  Trustees :  Jno.  Weyer,  Jas.  H.  Feemster,. 
Julius  Greyer  and  Louis  Klayer. 
Prof  E.  S.  Wayne  read  a  long  and  interesting  paper  (accompanied  with 
illustrations  of  the  works)  upon  Salt  and  Bromine  Manufacture  in  the 
vicinity  of  Pomeroy,  Ohio,  and  at  Mason  City,  W.  Va.  ;  also  describing 
the  geological  formation  from  which  the  brines  yielding  salt  and  bromine 
are  obtained.  The  manufacturing  of  salt  at  the  points  was  stated  to  be 
equal  to  that  of  the  New  York  Salt  Works  in  quantity,  and  the  annual 
yield  of  bromine  about  250,000  pounds,  a  large  portion  of  which  finds  a 
market  in  Europe,  the  rest  being  used  by  manufacturing  chemists  in  the 
United  States  in  the  production  of  potassium  bromide.  The  brines  of  the 
Ohio  Valley  are  much  richer  in  bromine  than  those  of  Saginaw,  Mich. ^ 
and  those  of  New  York,  and  this  fact  makes  the  Ohio  Valley  the  locality 
from  which  bromine  can  be  profitably  and  cheaply  obtained. 
Prof.  Wayne  also  read  a  paper  upon  the  Cathartic  Principle  of  Castor 
Oil.  From  experiments  made  upon  the  oil  itself,  and  upon  the  cake  left 
after  pressing,  it  appears  that  the  superior  cathartic  effect  of  beans  and  the 
pressed  cake  is  due  to  an  acid  body,  only  slightly  soluble  in  the  neutral  oil 
and  readily  separated  from  it  in  alcoholic  solution  by  the  addition  of  an 
