OXYGEN ON ORGANIC BASES. 
197 
ART. XLVII --MEMOIR ON ALTERATIONS EXPERIENCED 
BY SOME ORGANIC ALKALIS, IN CONTACT WITH, AND 
UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF, OXYCEN IN THE NAS- 
CENT STATE. 
BY M. EUGENE MARCHAND. 
When a solution of sulphate of cinchonine, quinine, 
morphia, narcotine, strychnia, or bracine, is boiled with an 
excess of peroxide of lead, adding to the liquor, drop by- 
drop, dilute sulphuric acid, until a portion of the filtered 
liquor is not rendered turbid when tested with either am- 
monia or caustic potassa, or by the carbonates of potassa 
or soda, it may be remarked that, from the commencement 
of the re-action, a brisk effervescence, due to a disengage- 
ment of carbonic acid gas is manifested, and that the liquor 
acquires a deeper and deeper color. By stopping the ope- 
ration at the moment which I have just noticed, by saturat- 
ing the free acid which may exist by means of litharge ; 
then by evaporating this liquor to dryness, redissolving the 
residue by distilled water, in order to submit the solution 
to a current of hydrogen, and finally evaporating the liquor 
to dryness, coloring matters are obtained very distinct from 
each organic alkali, and each of which we will study sepa- 
rately. 
PRODUCTS DERIVED FROM CINCHONINE. 
This alkaloid, when it is placed in the conditions which 
we have just indicated, is converted into a new substance, 
for which I have proposed the name of cinchonetine. It is 
a coloring matter, which is presented under the form of an 
uncrystallizable amorphous mass, of a very deep violet co- 
lor in the mass, and of a yellowish red when in a thin layer. 
It is deliquescent, and possessed of a bitter taste. When 
incinerated, it enters into fusion, gives off, like cinchonina, 
vol. x. — no. in. 18 
