Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  \ 
February,  1897.  J 
Solatium  Carolinense . 
89 
Stem. — Zinc  chloriodide  iodine  shows  starch  in  the  central  paren- 
chyma, in  the  cells  of  the  medullary  rays,  in  the  cortical  paren- 
chyma, and  in  the  cambium  zone.  Chloral  hydrate  iodine  gives  the 
same  results,  as  does  also  potassium  iodide  iodine,  but  much  more 
prominently,  especially  in  the  central  parenchyma  tissue,  which 
contains  an  abundance  of  the  substance.  Phloroglucin  and  hydro- 
chloric acid  stain  the  xylem  tissue,  which  is  strongly  lignified,  a 
Fig.  5,  portion  of  transverse  section  of  fruit  of  Solanum  Carolinense,  showing 
the  succulent  tissues,  magnified  200  diameters.  A,  epidermal  tissue  ;  b  and 
c,  succulent  tissues,  farther  interior  ;  d,  parenchyma  tissue,  adjacent  to  the  pla- 
centa. 
bright  red.  The  stem  possesses  open  collateral  bundles,  which  are 
in  wedge-shaped  rays,  and  which  are  separated  from  one  an  other 
by  medullary  rays.  In  the  mature  stem  the  outer  portion  of  the 
section  consists  of  several  rows  of  cork  tissue,  which  are  exfoliat- 
ing at  the  surface.  In  the  mature  stem  indications  of  tannin  are 
obtained  in  abundance  in  the  pith  parenchyma,  medullary  rays, 
cambium  zone,  phloem,  cortical  parenchyma  and  suberous  tissue. 
Artificial  whalebone  is  prepared  from  bones  by  removing  fat,  then  treating 
with  hydrochloric  acid  to  extract  lime  ;  the  cartilaginous  residue  is  then 
steeped  in  concentrated  chrome  alum  solution  until  saturated.  It  is  then  dried 
and  cut  into  strips  for  use. 
