Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
May,  1897. 
Examination  Questions. 
263 
(2)  From  what  sources  do  we  obtain  it,  and  what  are  its  practical  uses?  (3) 
Give  the  chemical  formula  for  hydrogen  phosphide,  and  state  how  it  is  obtained. 
BOTANY. 
E—  (1)  In  what  group  of  plants  are  the  sporophyte  and  gametophyte  gen- 
erations nearly  equal  in  development?  (2)  In  flowering  plants,  what  two 
kinds  of  spores  are  produced,  and  in  what  organs  are  they  borne  respectively  ? 
(3)  In  most  of  the  higher  plants,  into  what  organs  are  root  and  shoot  differen- 
tiated? (4)  Define  the  terms  sporophyll  and  hypsophyll,  and  give  examples 
of  each  as  they  occur  in  the  flowering  plant.  (5)  What  are  the  microsporangia 
and  macrosporangia  commonly  called,  respectively,  in  the  flowering-plant? 
(6)  What  peculiarities  in  the  leaf  venation  and  in  the  numerical  plan  of  the 
flowers  enable  us,  usually,  to  distinguish  a  monocotyl  from  a  dicotyl  ?  (7) 
Name  examples  of  each  of  the  following  kinds  of  fruits  :  a  syconium,  a  drupe> 
a  legume,  a  pepo,  and  an  akene. 
F— Materia  Medica.  (8)  Describe  Uva-ursi  as  to  the  following  points: 
length,  shape,  surfaces,  venation,  margin,  texture,  taste,  a  medicinal  constitu- 
ent, and  the  chief  use  of  the  drug.  (9)  Name  two  official  leaves  which  possess 
internal  glands.  (10)  State  the  important  structural  differences  between  Ger- 
man and  Roman  chamomile. 
COMMITTEE. 
G — Glycerin.  (1)  Name  three  principal  reasons  showing  its  value  in  phar- 
macy. (2  )  What  official  class  of  preparations  contains  glycerin  as  a  base  ?  (3) 
What  is  glycerin,  and  what  is  its  principal  use? 
H— Chemical  Terms.  Write  concise  definitions  of  each  of  the  following 
chemical  terms  :  (1)  matter  ;  (2  )  elements  ;  (  3)  atoms  ;  (4)  atomic  weight  ;  (5) 
equivalence  or  valence;  (6)  molecules;  (7)  molecular  weight;  (8)  equation; 
(9)  chemical  reaction  ;  (10)  acids. 
I— Problem.  A  laboratory  formula  called  for  8-5  kilos  of  50  per  cent,  ortho- 
phosphoric  acid.  How  much  of  the  U.S. P.  phosphoric  acid  (85  per  cent.) 
would  be  required  to  take  its  place  in  the  formula?  Show  the  figures  used  to 
obtain  your  result. 
K— The  Flower.  (1)  Define  the  term  sporophyll.  (2)  State  what  two  kinds 
of  sporophylls  occur  in  the  flowers  of  most  of  the  higher  plants.  (3)  State 
what  they  are  commonly  called,  respectively,  and  what  is  the  function  of  each. 
(4)  State,  also,  what  other  modified  leaves  the  flower  may  possess. 
OPERATIVE  PHARMACY. 
(/)  Specific  Gravity. 
Determine  the  specific  gravity  of  the  liquid  contained  in  the  four-ounce 
bottle  ;  put  all  calculations  on  the  sheet  of  paper,  with  your  name  and  exam- 
ination number. 
(2)  Percolation. 
Percolate  100  grammes  of  gentian,  with  500  c.c.  of  water.  Label  the  per- 
colator with  your  name  and  examination  number. 
(3)  Granulated  Salt. 
Acid  Salicylic   7  gm. 
Sodium  Carbonate  CP   6*5  gm. 
Distilled  Water  q.  s  
Make  Sodium  Salicylate.    Put  in  the  wide-mouth  bottle. 
