358 
North  American  Coniferce. 
Am.  Jour,  Pharm. 
July,  1897. 
Lloyd,  of  Forest  Grove,  Oregon.  The  following  results  were 
obtained : 
Per  Cent. 
Moisture   576 
Ash  in  absolutely  dry  substance   1*42 
Tannin  in  absolutely  dry  material  ,.  11*37 
A  quantity  of  the  tannin  was  prepared,  purified  and  submitted, 
after  drying  at  1 20°  C,  to  elementary  analysis,  whereby  the  follow- 
ing percentages  were  obtained: 
Per  Cent. 
Carbon  59' n 
Hydrogen    4-93 
Oxygen  35-96 
$100 'OO 
These  results  and  the  qualitative  reactions  indicate  that  the  tan- 
nin of  Tsuga  Mertensiana  is  identical  with  that  from  T.  Canadensis, 
and,  therefore,  with  that  from  the  bark  of  a  large  number  of  species 
of  oak. 
ECONOMICS. 
The  wood  of  Tsuga  Mertensiana  is  pale,  tough  and  soft,  and  is 
often  used  for  building  purposes.  The  bark  of  the  roots  yields  a 
strong  fibre  that  is  said  to  be  employed  for  seines  and  nets,  prob- 
ably by  the  Indians.  Authorities  differ  somewhat  in  regard  to  the 
resin,  Kellogg  stating  that  it  yields  a  considerable  quantity,  while 
others  report  the  resin  as  scarce.  The  bark  of  the  trunk,  with  its 
rich  percentage  of  tannin,  has  always  been  in  demand  for  making 
leather. 
TSUGA  CAROLINIANA,  ENGELM. 
DISTRIBUTION  AND  GENERAL  CHARACTERS. 
The  Carolina  hemlock  is  found  along  the  Allegheny  mountains 
from  southwestern  Virginia  to  South  Carolina.  It  has  been  found 
at  an  elevation  of  4,200  feet.  It  does  not  occur  very  abundantly, 
and,  because  it  is  said  to  be  a  rather  handsomer  tree  than  T. 
Canadensis,  it  is  cultivated  somewhat  at  the  North. 
Carolina  hemlock  is  not  a  very  large  tree  ;  its  height  is  given 
by  different  authorities  as  40  to  80  feet.  The  wood  is  brownish 
in  color,  soft  and  brittle.  The  cones  and  leaves  resemble  those 
of  the  common  hemlock,  but  both  are  a  trifle  larger. 
