37^ 
Reviews. 
Am.  Jour.  Pharru. 
July,  1897. 
The  frontispiece  shows  Hepatica  triloba,  or  liverleaf,  in  a  most  luxuriant 
state,  with  numerous  flowers  and  fully-developed  leaves  at  the  same  time  ;  the 
early  spring  leaf-buds,  which  invariably  accompany  the  typical  specimen,  being 
entirely  absent,  while  the  previous  year's  leaves,  which  in  nature  are  usually 
flat  on  the  earth  and  covered  up,  are  erect  and  flourishing  in  appearance. 
Oxalis  corniculata,  var.  stricta,  yellow- wood  sorrel,  as  seen  on  page  182,  is  a 
midsummer  form  of  the  plant,  very  different  from  that  commonly  observed 
and  almost  unrecognizable. 
Ivysimachia  quadrifolia,  four-leaved  loosestrife,  page  337,  is  another  illus- 
tration very  misleading  in  its  character.  Instances  multiply  rapidly,  but  the 
following  are  all  liable  to  similar  criticism  :  Hypericum  perforatum,  St.  Johns- 
wort,  page  237  ;  Campanula  rotundifolia,  harebell,  page  291  ;  Apocynum 
audrossernifolium,  dogsbane,  page  5  21,  and  Ljnaria  canadensis, blue  toad-flax, 
page  421. 
The  work  contains  descriptions  of  a  very  large  number  of  plants,  the  arrange- 
ment being  upon  a  novel  basis,  and  one  of  doubtful  advantage,  i.  e.,  the  charac- 
ter of  the  habitat,  such  as  "banks  of  streams,  in  swamps,  in  water,  in  low 
meadows,  along  waysides  and  in  dry  fields,  escaped  from  gardens,  weeds,  open 
dry  woods,  deep  cool  woods,  etc." 
In  nature  no  boundaries  exist  that  will  allow  of  certain  classification  of 
plants  in  general  in  this  manner,  and  it  is  to  be  feared  that  the  person  who 
attempts  to  classify  plants  by  this  book  will  not  care  to  go  further  into  the 
science.  Charles  H.  L,aWai,l. 
Notes  on  the  Plants  Used  by  the  Kx\math  Indians  of  Oregon.  By 
Frederick  V.  Coville.  Contributions  from  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium,  Vol. 
5,  No.  2.    Issued  June  9,  1897. 
While  engaged  in  a  botanical  survey  of  the  plains  of  southeastern  Oregon, 
in  the  summer  of  1896,  the  author  spent  three  days,  August  21st  to  23d,  at  Fort 
Klamath  and  the  Klamath  Indian  Agency,  where  he  was  enabled  to  secure 
information  as  to  the  principal  plants  used  by  the  Klamath  Indians.  Most  of 
the  information  was  obtained  from  Joe  Kirk,  an  educated  Klamath  Indian,  and 
from  White  Cindy,  a  Klamath  medicine  woman.  The  Government  agents  living 
at  the  fort  also  furnished  much  information.  A  large  number  of  plants,  covering 
nearly  the  whole  range  of  natural  orders  are  given.  Two  lichens  are  repre- 
sented ;  one,  Alectoria  fremontii,  as  a  famine  food;  and  the  other,  Evernia  vul- 
pina,  on  account  of  its  yellow  dye.  Bquisetum  hyemale  is  used  to  smooth  arrow 
shafts  just  as  a  carpenter  uses  sand-paper.  A  number  of  the  Pinacese  are  used 
for  various  purposes.  The  seeds  of  Pinus  Lambertiana  are  used  as  food,  but  no 
mention  is  made  of  the  sugar,  which  is  used  as  food  or  medicine  by  the  California 
Indians.  Some  of  the  pines  are  used  as  twirling  sticks,  to  produce  fire  by 
friction,  although  the  sage  brush,  Artemisia  tridentata,  is  said  to  be  better  for 
this  purpose.  These  illustrations  will  serve  to  give  an  idea  of  the  scope  of 
this  work,  which,  however,  is  only  a  pamphlet  of  32  pages.  Nevertheless, 
it  is  full  of  valuable  information. 
Minnesota  Botanical  Studies.  Bulletin  No.  9,  Parts  X  and  XI.  Geo. 
logical  and  Natural  History  Survey  of  Minnesota.  Conway  MacMillan,  State 
Botanist. 
