454  Botanical  Garden  at  Buitenzorg. 
clause  in  the  treaty  of  cession.  The  bust  of  Theismann,  who 
founded  the  garden  and  added  so  much  to  botanical  knowledge  by 
his  studies  in  Java  and  Borneo,  stands  in  an  oval  pleasance  called 
the  rose  garden ;  and  there  one  may  take  heart  and  boast  of  the 
temperate  zone,  since  that  rare  exotic,  the  rose,  is  but  a  spindling 
bush,  and  its  blossoming  less  than  scanty  at  Buitenzorg,  when  one 
remembers  California's  perennial  prodigalities  in  showers  of  roses. 
After  the  death  of  the  learned  curator,  Dr.  Treub,  in  1895,  Professor 
Lotsy,  of  Johns  Hopkins  University,  Baltimore,  was  called  to  the 
charge  of  this  famous  garden,  which  provides  laboratory  and  work- 
ing space  for,  and  invites  foreign  botanists  freely  to  avail  themselves 
of  this  unique  opportunity  of  study.  Over  one  hundred  native 
gardeners  tend  and  care  for  this  great  botanic  museum  of  more  than 
nine  thousand  living  specimens,  all  working  under  the  direction  of 
a  white  head  gardener.  The  Tjilewong  River  separates  the  botanic 
garden  from  a  culture-garden  of  forty  acres,  where  seventy  more 
gardeners  look  to  the  economic  plants — the  various  cinchonas* 
sugar-canes,  rubber,  tea,  coffee,  gums,  spices,  hemp  and  other 
growths,  the  introduction  of  which  has  so  benefited  the  planters  of 
the  colony.  Experiments  in  acclimatization  are  carried  on  in  the 
culture-garden,  and  at  a  mountain  garden  high  up  on  the  slopes  of 
Salak,  where  the  Governor-General  has  a  third  palace,  and  where 
there  is  a  Government  hospital  and  sanitarium. 
All  Java  is,  in  a  way,  as  finished  as  little  Holland  itself,  the  whole 
island  being  cultivated  from  edge  to  edge  like  a  tulip  garden,  and 
connected  throughout  its  length  with  post-roads,  as  smooth  and 
perfect  as  park  drives,  all  arched  with  waringen,  kanari,  tamarind 
or  teak  trees.  The  rank  and  tangled  jungle  is  invisible  save  by 
long  journeys,  and  great  snakes,  wild  tigers  and  rhinoceroses  are 
almost  unknown  now.  One  must  go  to  Borneo  and  the  farther 
islands  to  see  them.  All  the  valleys,  plains  and  hillsides  are 
planted  in  formal  rows,  hedged,  terraced,  banked,  drained  and  as 
carefully  weeded  as  a  flower  bed.  The  drives  are  of  endless  beauty, 
whichever  way  one  turns  from  Buitenzorg,  and  we  made  triumphal 
progresses  through  the  kanari-  and  waringen-lined  streets  in  an 
enormous  "  milord."  The  equipage  measured  all  of  20  feet  from 
the  tip  of  the  pole  to  the  footman's  perch  behind,  and  with  a  crack- 
ing whip  and  at  a  rattling  gait  we  dashed  through  shady  roads,  past 
Dutch  barracks  and  hospitals,  over  picturesque  bridges,  and  through 
