146       Recent  Literature  Relating  to  Pharmacy.  {Am^ch,^>9of^m• 
Control  reaction :  It  is  precipitated  by  a  stream  of  C02  and  by  a 
concentrated  sodium  chloride  solution  and  ammonium  sulphate. 
N 
b.  Solution.    When  acidified  with  2  or  3  drops  of  acetic  acid  — 
and  boiled,  a  precipitate  is  produced. 
1.  Soluble  when  a  drop  of  crystallizable  acetic  acid  is  added 
[Albumine  (acetosoluble)]. 
Control  reaction  :  It  is  thoroughly  precipitated  by  adding  ammo- 
nium sulphate  in  excess.  Trichloracetic  acid  precipitates  the  same 
out  of  the  acetic  acid  solution. 
2.  Insoluble  when  a  drop  of  glacial  acetic  acid  is  added  (Serin). 
Control  reaction  :  Precipitated  by  adding  ammonium  sulphate  in 
excess  and  by  concentrated  mineral  acids. 
Ii.  Solution.  The  bulk  of  the  precipitate  can  be  separated  from 
the  boiled  solution  by  allowing  it  to  cool. 
c.  Precipitate,  soluble  in  warm  alkali  which  in  the  cold  is  insoluble 
(Albumose). 
Control  reaction:  Will  be  precipitated  by  ammonium  sulphate  in 
excess.  Hydrochloric  acid  added  to  the  urine  gives  a  precipitate  in 
the  cold  which  disappears  upon  heating  and  reappears  after  cooling. 
With  acetic  acid — tannin  the  albumose  is  precipitated.  The  double 
iodides  of  potassium  and  mercury,  as  well  as  picric  acid,  give  with 
the  urine  a  voluminous  precipitate  soluble  upon  heating. 
D.  If  a  precipitate  be  present  or  not,  20  c. c.  of  the  urine  are  taken, 
to  which  is  added,  with  vigorous  shaking,  crystallized  ammonium 
sulphate  to  saturation ;  allow  to  settle  and  filter.  To  the  filtrate  is 
added  2  or  3  drops  of  very  dilute  copper  sulphate  solution,  after 
such  urines  as  pyrin  is  nothing  other  than  an  alkaline  albuminate,  produced  by 
the  action  of  ammonia  upon  the  albuminous  material  (that  is,  the  pus).  An 
unfermented  urine  containing  pus  does  not  show  the  characteristics  of 
mucins  or  pyrins  (precipitated  with  acetic  acid). 
4  If  the  mass  of  nucleoalbumin  or  mucin  is  small,  then  the  addition  of  acetic 
acid  produces  a  uniform  cloudiness  that  lasts  after  the  filtration.  The  precipi- 
tation of  the  flocculi  can  be  hastened  by  a  dilution  with  one  or  two  volumes  of 
water  ;  after  a  few  hours  it  is  filtered  and  in  this  manner  a  clear  fluid  is  obtained, 
and  in  which  the  other  albuminous  constituents  can  be  looked  for. 
5  The  trichloracetic  acid  also  precipitated  the  alkaloids,  yet  the  precipitate 
disappeared  upon  dilution  with  water,  by  heating,  by  adding  alcohol,  and  by 
an  excess  of  this  acid. 
6  It  19  neutralized  with  potassium  or  sodium  hydrate  until  a  rose  color  appears 
upon  the  addition  of  phenolphtalein. 
